Type 82 destroyer
HMS Bristol
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| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Type 82 Destroyer |
| Builders: | Swan Hunter |
| Operators: |
 |
| Preceded by: | County class |
| Succeeded by: | Type 42 |
| In commission: | Since 31 March 1973 |
| Planned: | 4 |
| Completed: | 1 |
| Cancelled: | 3 |
| Active: | 1 (as a cadet training ship) |
| Preserved: | 1 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 6,400 tonnes (standard), 7,100 tonnes (full) |
| Length: | 154.53 m (507 ft) |
| Beam: | 16.76 m (55 ft) |
| Draught: | 7.5 m |
| Propulsion: |
COSAG, 2 standard range geared steam turbines 30,000 hp, 2 Bristol Siddeley Olympus TM1A gas turbines 30,000 hp, 2 shafts, 2 boilers |
| Speed: | 28 kt (52 km/h) |
| Range: | 5,750 nautical miles (10,650 km) at 18 kt (33 km/h) |
| Complement: | 397 (30 officers) |
| Electronic warfare & decoys: |
UAA1 |
| Armament: |
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| Aviation facilities: | Flight deck |
COSAG, 2 standard range geared steam turbines 30,000 hp,
The Type 82 or Bristol-class destroyer was to have been a class of four Royal Navy warships intended as area air-defence destroyers to replace the County-class destroyers, and to serve as escorts to the planned CVA-01 aircraft carriers. Eventually only a single ship, HMS Bristol was built and served as a testbed for much of the modern technology and armaments seen in later classes of Royal Navy warships. Sometimes described as a "light cruiser", she was officially classified as a destroyer.
The CVA-01 aircraft carrier project was cancelled in the 1966 Defence White Paper, eliminating the requirement for the Type 82 class. Nevertheless, one hull of the original four was ordered on 4 October 1966 for use as a testbed for new technologies. HMS Bristol was laid down in 1967, featuring four new systems:
The latter feature, although not externally apparent, was perhaps the most pioneering of the design; a leap forward from the rudimentary action information system of the "Counties" and its heavy reliance on manual data input.
The Type 82 was followed into service by the smaller Type 42 destroyer that featured the same Sea Dart missile, 114 mm Mark 8 gun and integrated ADAWS. It was not a direct replacement for the Type 82 per se, but filled the area air defence role in a Cold War, North Atlantic navy. The Type 42 design was however smaller and had a lower manpower requirement and as such many more hulls could be brought into service than a design of the Type 82's size. It also featured a flightdeck and hangar for its own air component providing improved anti-submarine, surface-strike and general utility to the design.
The Type 82 was loosely based on the layout of the County-class destroyer and the Type 12 Leander-class frigate (hence the inclusion in the escort Type numbering system.)
The vessel was powered by a combined steam and gas (COSAG) plant, and was the last warship designed for the Royal Navy to be powered by steam. The steam plant vented through the large fore funnel while the gas plant exhausted though a side-by-side pair of after funnels (on either side of the extensive air intakes and filters for the gas turbines), giving rise to a unique three-funnelled layout.
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Wikipedia