Tudors of Penmynydd

The Tudors of Penmynydd were a noble and aristocratic family, connected with the village of Penmynydd in Anglesey, North Wales, who were very influential in Welsh (and later English) politics.

The family descended from Ednyfed Fychan (died in 1246), the Welsh warrior who became seneschal to the Kingdom of Gwynedd in North Wales, serving Llywelyn the Great and later his son Dafydd ap Llywelyn. He was a descendant (ninth in descent) of Marchudd ap Cynan, Lord of Rhos, Lord Protector of Rhodri the Great, king of Gwynedd, and, going further back, Welsh tradition maintains that Marchudd ap Cynan was himself a descendant (seventh in descent) of King Cadrawd Calchfynydd; the ancestor of Owen Tudor and thereby of the House of Tudor. The house of Tudor came to an end in the 17th century.

In the 15th century, three of the Tudor brothers gave their allegiance to Owain Glyndŵr, their first cousin as their mothers were sisters and also descended from many of the native Welsh princes including Llewellyn the Great: Rhys ap Tudur, Gwilym ap Tudur and Maredudd ap Tudur (great grandfather of Henry VII). Following Glyndŵr's demise, much of the Tudors' lands were taken by the English Crown.

The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor was a European royal house of Welsh origin that ruled the Kingdom of England and its realms from 1485 until 1603. Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond, was the son of Welsh courtier Owain Tudur (anglicised to Owen Tudor) and Catherine of Valois, widowed Queen Consort of the Lancastrian King Henry V. Owen Tudor and Catherine of Valois had two sons, Edmund Tudor (d. 1456), 1st Earl of Richmond, and Jasper Tudor (d. 1495),1st Earl of Bedford and 1st Earl of Pembroke. In anticipation of a male heir to the House of Lancaster, Edmund Tudor was betrothed and married to Margaret Beaufort (1443-1509) daughter of John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset and Margaret Beauchamp. In the absence of a son, Margaret Beaufort was the only heir of the House of Lancaster after Henry VI, and so her marriage to Edmund Tudor, son of Catherine of Valois and therefore French Royalty in its fruition would ensure a sturdy male heir for the House of Lancaster. And that Margaret did achieve, on 28 January 1457 Margaret gave birth to a son, Henry Tudor (later King Henry VII) at Pembroke Castle in Wales. Unfortunately for Margaret and the Tudor family, her husband Edmund Tudor had died 1 or 3 November 1456, leaving Margaret a widow at only thirteen years of age. Margaret's son Henry Tudor, born in Pembroke, grew up in south Wales and in exile in Brittany. Henry proclaimed himself Henry VII King of England after winning The Battle of Bosworth on 22 August 1485, where he defeated Richard III. In her unwavering ambition, Henry's mother Margaret had forged an alliance with discontented Yorkists, most notably Elizabeth Woodville, widow of King Edward IV, in support of her son, who landed in South Wales, gathered further troops through Wales and the Midlands and ultimately defeated Richard III, Henry proclaiming himself King of England on the battle field.

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