Tricholoma vaccinum
| Tricholoma vaccinum | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Tricholomataceae |
| Genus: | Tricholoma |
| Species: | T. vaccinum |
| Binomial name | |
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Tricholoma vaccinum (Schaeff.) P.Kumm. (1871) |
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| Synonyms | |
Tricholoma vaccinum, commonly known as the russet scaly tricholoma, the scaly knight, or the fuzztop, is a fungus of the agaric genus Tricholoma. It produces medium-sized fruit bodies (mushrooms) that have a distinctive hairy reddish-brown cap with a shaggy margin when young. The cap, which can reach a diameter of up to 6.5 cm (2.6 in) wide, breaks up into flattened scales in maturity. It has cream-buff to pinkish gills with brown spots. Its fibrous, hollow stipe is white above and reddish brown below, and measures 4 to 7.5 cm (1.6 to 3.0 in) long. Although young fruit bodies have a partial veil, it does not leave a ring on the stipe.
Widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, Tricholoma vaccinum is found in northern Asia, Europe and North America. The fungus grows in a mycorrhizal association with spruce or pine trees, and its mushrooms are found on the ground growing in groups or clusters in late summer and autumn. Although some consider the mushroom edible, it is of poor quality and not recommended for consumption. The ectomycorrhizae of T. vaccinum has been the subject of considerable research.
The species was first described in 1774 by German mycologist Jacob Christian Schäffer as Agaricus vaccinus. According to MycoBank, synonyms include August Batsch's 1783 Agaricus rufolivescens, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's 1783 Amanita punctata var. punctata, and Lucien Quélet's 1886 Gyrophila vaccina.Marcel Bon described the variety T. vaccinum var. fulvosquamosum in 1970, which has (minute scales) arranged in a concentric fashion on the cap;Manfred Enderle published this taxon as a form in 2004.
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