Transboundary Protected Area

A transboundary protected area (TBPA) is a protected area that spans boundaries of more than one country or sub-national entity, where the political border sections that are enclosed within its area are abolished. This includes removal of all human-made physical boundaries, such as fences, allowing free migration of animals and humans within the area. A boundary around the area may however be maintained to prevent unauthorised border crossing. Such areas are also known by terms such as transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs) or peace parks. The Global Transbounday Protected Areas Network cites five different types of TBPAs as follows:

The preservation of traditional animal migration patterns, ensuring sufficient food and water sources for population growth, are the primary reason for the creation of peace parks. Peace parks however also encourage tourism, economic development and goodwill between neighbouring countries, as well as facilitating travel of indigenous inhabitants of the area.

On 1 February 1997, Anton Rupert, together with Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands and Nelson Mandela founded Peace Parks Foundation as a Nonprofit organization to facilitate the establishment of transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs), also called peace parks.

Being aware of the importance of conserving the pristinity and ecology of Arctic region, there has been a global call to declare Arctic region as a global sanctuary / international peace park. The Save the Arctic campaign by Greenpeace International, an environmental not-for-profit organization, has received online support from more than 50 lakh (five million) citizens from around the world.

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