Toyota NR engine
The Toyota NR engine family is series of small a inline four piston engines by Toyota, with capacities between 1.2 and 1.5 L.
The NR series uses aluminum engine blocks and DOHC cylinder heads. It also uses multi-point or direct fuel injection and has four valves per cylinder. The 1NR, 2NR, 3NR, 4NR, 5NR, 6NR, and 7NR engines have Dual VVT-i standard and the 8NR engine has VVT-iW, enabling it to operate in the Otto cycle as well as a modified-Atkinson cycle to improve thermal efficiency.
The 1NR-FE is a compact inline four piston engine featuring "Stop & Start" technology and Dual VVT-i. It was introduced into European market in late 2008 with the Yaris XP9F. Improved engine performance combined with low emissions and fuel consumption was the principal aim during its development.
Advanced engineering has been applied throughout the 1NR-FE engine. Toyota engineers streamlined the engine's intake channel, used computer simulation to optimise airflow, smoothened all surfaces for less turbulence and rounded off all angles and sharp edges inside the engine. One of the key elements of the 1NR-FE engine is its piston design. Smaller and lighter than on the previous 1.3 L unit, they are designed with a smaller contact area and use carbon ceramide, an advanced material commonly used in Formula One engineering, to reduce friction. The engine also features cooled exhaust gas recirculation (cold area specification models only) to reduce pumping losses and reduce NOx emissions.
As for the new 1NR-VE engine improvised by Perodua for its locally manufactured in-house vehicle which is the "Bezza" made for its 1.3 L variant, features a claims on ECE fuel consumption figures of 21.7 km/L (4.6 L/100 km; 51.0 mpg‑US; 61.3 mpg‑imp) for the manual variant and 21.0 km/L (4.8 L/100 km; 49.4 mpg‑US; 59.3 mpg‑imp) with the automatic, while the auto-only Advance variant is capable of 22.0 km/L (4.5 L/100 km; 51.7 mpg‑US; 62.1 mpg‑imp), courtesy of the new Eco Idle stop-start system and regenerative braking better than the previous generation engines.
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