Tiyaha bedouin

The Tiyaha or Tiyahah is a Sinai/Negev Bedouin tribe. Their traditions state that they originated from near Madina and settled in the Sinai Peninsula during the early years of the Muslim conquests. They were led by one named Rabab and the five main sub-groups trace their roots to his five sons.

The word Al-Tiyaha means "the lost ones" in Arabic, the tribe is called Al-Tiyaha relative to the Al-Tiyah area (the country of Al-Tiyaha, بلاد التياها) in central of Sinai, which is the land where the children of Israel lost for forty years. it is unknown if Al-Tiyaha tribe have israelite roots. the other tribe which may have israelite roots is Al-Tawarah tribe from Al-Tor area (الطور), the place were the israelite they fled to after leaving Egypt.

Formerly the paramount clan, the Hukuk grazed the land from Jebel al-Kahlil (Hebron) to Wadi al-'Araba, south of the Dead Sea and taxed anyone wishing to cross their territory. In the 1930s their leader was one Sheikh Suleyman whose grandfather had been hung by the Turkish authorities for abducting women and levying illegal dues on bedouin around Gaza.

In the 1930s this clan numbered less than 2,000. After the British authorities put their Sheikh, Salama ibn Musa Abu Shinar, in prison for "misbehaviour" they split into three sub-groups, each with their own Sheikh.

Taking their name from one of Rabab's sons called 'Umari who had a reputation as a Tiyaha war leader. Despite this he has an evil reputation and his grave on the left bank of Wadi al-Abya regarded as a place of bad-omen. In the 1930s the clan numbered some 500, divided into two sub groups: The 'Urur and the Rawashida.

Also known as the 'Atawina. One of their Sheikhs, Salim, was killed fighting Ibrahim Pasha. Exceeding 2,000 in 1930, they were one of the senior branches of the Tiyaha. In the nineteenth century they levied taxes on the people of Gaza and Hebron. Two of their Sheikhs, 'Awda and 'Amir, played a leading role in the war with the Tarabin, which weakened their influence over other sections of the Tiyaha including the Hukuk leading tribe Alhuzayyel. During the early years of the twentieth century they were led by Shaykh Ali ibn 'Atiya, who was widely respected, serving on local official bodies as well as the General Council in Jerusalem. Unusually he sent his sons to school.

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Wikipedia