Titanium(IV) oxide

Titanium dioxide

Names
IUPAC names Titanium dioxide Titanium(IV) oxide
Other names Titania Rutile Anatase Brookite
Identifiers
CAS Number	13463-67-7 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:32234 Y
ChemSpider	24256 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.033.327
E number	E171 (colours)
KEGG	C13409 N
PubChem CID	26042
RTECS number	XR2775000
UNII	15FIX9V2JP Y
InChI InChI=1S/2O.Ti Y Key: GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/2O.Ti/rO2Ti/c1-3-2 Key: GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-TYTSCOISAW
SMILES O=[Ti]=O
Properties
Chemical formula	TiO 2
Molar mass	79.866 g/mol
Appearance	White solid
Odor	odorless
Density	4.23 g/cm3 (Rutile) 3.78 g/cm3 (Anatase)
Melting point	1,843 °C (3,349 °F; 2,116 K)
Boiling point	2,972 °C (5,382 °F; 3,245 K)
Solubility in water	insoluble
Band gap	3.05 eV (rutile)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+5.9·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	2.488 (anatase) 2.583 (brookite) 2.609 (rutile)
Thermochemistry
Std molar entropy (So298)	50 J·mol−1·K−1
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfHo298)	−945 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet	ICSC 0338
EU classification (DSD)	Not listed
NFPA 704	0 1 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 15 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)	Ca
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [5000 mg/m3]
Related compounds
Other cations	Zirconium dioxide Hafnium dioxide
Related titanium oxides	Titanium(II) oxide Titanium(III) oxide Titanium(III,IV) oxide
Related compounds	Titanic acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

3.78 g/cm³ (Anatase)

Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the naturally occurring oxide of titanium, chemical formula TiO
2. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891. Generally it is sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase. It has a wide range of applications, from paint to sunscreen to food coloring. When used as a food coloring, it has E number E171. World production in 2014 exceeded 9 million metric tons.

Titanium dioxide occurs in nature as the well-known minerals rutile, anatase and brookite, and additionally as two high pressure forms, a monoclinic baddeleyite-like form and an orthorhombic α-PbO₂-like form, both found recently at the Ries crater in Bavaria. One of these is known as akaogiite and should be considered as an extremely rare mineral. It is mainly sourced from ilmenite ore. This is the most widespread form of titanium dioxide-bearing ore around the world. Rutile is the next most abundant and contains around 98% titanium dioxide in the ore. The metastable anatase and brookite phases convert irreversibly to the equilibrium rutile phase upon heating above temperatures in the range 600–800 °C (1,112–1,472 °F).