Titan 34D
Launch of the Titan 34D
|
|
| Function | Heavy carrier rocket |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Martin Marietta |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Capacity | |
| Payload to LEO | 32,000 lb (14,515 kg) |
| Payload to GTO |
11,000 lb (5,000 kg) |
| Associated rockets | |
| Family | Titan |
| Launch history | |
| Status | Retired |
| Launch sites |
LC-40, CCAFS SLC-4E, VAFB |
| Total launches | 15 |
| Successes | 12 |
| Failures | 3 |
| First flight | 30 October 1982 |
| Last flight | 4 September 1989 |
| 0 stage - UA1206 | |
| Length | 27.56 m (90.41 ft) |
| Diameter | 3.05 m (10.00 ft) |
| Empty mass | 40,827 kg |
| Gross mass | 251,427 kg |
| Thrust | 6,227.00 kN |
| Specific impulse | 265 sec |
| Burn time | 114 sec |
| Fuel | Solid (Polybutadiene acrylonitrile) |
| First stage - Titan 3B-1 | |
| Length | 23.99 m (78.70 ft) |
| Diameter | 3.05 m (10.00 ft) |
| Empty mass | 7,000 kg (15,400 lb) |
| Gross mass | 139,935 kg (308,503 lb) |
| Engines | 2x LR-87-11 |
| Thrust | 2,413.191 kN (542,507 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 302 sec |
| Burn time | 161 sec |
| Fuel | Dinitrogen tetroxide/Aerozine 50 |
| Second stage - Titan 3B-2 | |
| Length | 8.60 m (28.20 ft) |
| Diameter | 3.05 m (10.00 ft) |
| Empty mass | 2,900 kg (6,300 lb) |
| Gross mass | 37,560 kg (82,800 lb) |
| Engines | LR-91-11 |
| Thrust | 460.314 kN (103,483 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 316 sec |
| Burn time | 230 sec |
| Fuel | Dinitrogen tetroxide/Aerozine 50 |
The Titan 34D was a United States expendable launch vehicle, used to launch a number of satellites for military applications.
Derived from the Titan III, the Titan 34D featured stretched first and second stages with more powerful UA1206 solid boosters. A variety of upper stages were available, including the Inertial Upper Stage, the Transfer Orbit Stage, and the Transtage. The Titan 34D made its maiden flight on 30 October 1982 with two DSCS defense communications satellites for the United States Department of Defense (DOD).
All launches were conducted from either LC-40 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station or SLC-4E at Vandenberg Air Force Base. Fifteen launches were carried out, of which three failed.
The first failure was a launch of a KH-11 photoreconnaissance satellite on August 28, 1985 when the core stage suffered a turbopump malfunction and was destroyed by Range Safety. The flight proceeded normally until core engine start at T+102 seconds. Engine 1 experienced below-normal performance and after SRM separation at T+117 seconds, the engine completely shut down, followed by loss of vehicle attitude control. The onboard computer then shut off Engine 2 and began a premature separation and ignition of the second stage. With the Titan now tumbling and headed back towards land, the destruct command was issued at T+272 seconds and the KH-11 crashed into the Pacific Ocean. In addition, during Stage 1's powered flight, the oxidizer tank began leaking N2O2 which was thought to have resulted in loss of lubrication to the Engine 1 turbopump and breakdown of the pinion gear. Attempts by the Navy to salvage booster debris from the ocean floor were largely unsuccessful. Investigators also complained that tracking camera coverage during the core stage burn was inadequate.
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