Tic disorders
| Tic disorder | |
|---|---|
| Video explanation | |
| Classification and external resources | |
| Specialty | psychiatry |
| ICD-10 | F95 |
| ICD-9-CM | 307.2 |
| DiseasesDB | 29465 |
| eMedicine | neuro/664 |
| MeSH | D013981 |
Tic disorders is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) based on type (motor or phonic) and duration of tics (sudden, rapid, nonrhythmic movements). Tic disorders are defined similarly by the World Health Organization (ICD-10 codes).
ICD10 diagnosis codes are:
In the fourth revision of the DSM (DSM-IV-TR), tic disorders were classified as follows:
DSM-5 was published in 2013, updating DSM-IV-TR, which was published in 2000. The following changes were made:
The fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published in May 2013, classifies Tourette's and tic disorders as motor disorders listed in the neurodevelopmental disorder category.
Tic disorders, in order of severity, are:
Tics should be distinguished from other causes of tourettism, stereotypies, chorea, dyskinesias, myoclonus, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Education, and a "watch and wait" strategy, are the only treatment needed for many, and the majority of individuals with tics do not seek treatment; treatment of tic disorders is similar to treatment of Tourette syndrome.
Tic disorders are more common among males than females.
A large, community-based study suggested that over 19% of school-age children have tic disorders; the children with tic disorders in that study were usually undiagnosed.
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