Thomas Bewick
| Thomas Bewick | |
|---|---|
Bewick by James Ramsay
|
|
| Born | c. 11 August 1753 Mickley, Northumberland, England |
| Died | 8 November 1828 (aged 75) Gateshead, Durham, England |
| Occupation |
Wood engraver, Natural history author |
| Successor | Robert Elliott Bewick (son) |
| Spouse(s) | Isabella |
| Children |
Jane Bewick Robert Elliott Bewick Isabella Bewick Elizabeth Bewick |
| Parent(s) | John Bewick (father) Jane Wilson Bewick (mother) |
| Relatives | John Bewick (brother) John Bewick (nephew) |
Thomas Bewick (c. 11 August 1753 – 8 November 1828) was an English engraver and natural history author. Early in his career he took on all kinds of work such as engraving cutlery, making the wood blocks for advertisements, and illustrating children's books. He gradually turned to illustrating, writing and publishing his own books, gaining an adult audience for the fine illustrations in A History of Quadrupeds.
His career began when he was apprenticed to engraver Ralph Beilby in Newcastle upon Tyne. He became a partner in the business and eventually took it over. Apprentices whom Bewick trained include John Anderson, Luke Clennell, and William Harvey, who in their turn became well known as painters and engravers.
Bewick is best known for his A History of British Birds, which is admired today mainly for its wood engravings, especially the small, sharply observed, and often humorous vignettes known as tail-pieces. The book was the forerunner of all modern field guides. He notably illustrated editions of Aesop's Fables throughout his life.
He is credited with popularising a technical innovation in the printing of illustrations using wood. He adopted metal-engraving tools to cut hard boxwood across the grain, producing printing blocks that could be integrated with metal type, but were much more durable than traditional woodcuts. The result was high-quality illustration at a low price.
Bewick was born at Cherryburn, a house in the village of Mickley, Northumberland, near Newcastle upon Tyne on 10 or 11 August 1753, although his birthday was always celebrated on the 12th. His parents were tenant farmers: his father John had been married before his union with Jane, and was in his forties when Thomas, the eldest of eight, was born. John rented a small colliery at Mickley Bank, which employed perhaps six men. Bewick attended school in the nearby village of Ovingham.
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