The People's Will

Narodnaya Volya
Founded	1879
Dissolved	1884
Headquarters	Russian Empire
Ideology	Revolutionary socialism Agrarian socialism

Narodnaya Volya (Russian: Наро́дная во́ля, "People Freedom" or "People's Will") was a nineteenth-century revolutionary political organization in the Russian Empire which advocated an indigenous socialism based upon the massive Russian peasantry, a movement known as "Populism" (Russian: Нарoдничество). Composed primarily of young revolutionary socialist intellectuals believing in the efficacy of terrorism, Narodnaya Volya emerged in Autumn 1879 from a split of an earlier revolutionary organization called Zemlya i Volya ("Land and Liberty").

Based upon an underground apparatus of local cells, Narodnaya Volya continued to espouse acts of revolutionary violence in an attempt to spur mass revolt against Tsarism, culminating in the successful assassination of Tsar Alexander II in March 1881—the event for which the group is best remembered.

The group was the inspiration and forerunner for other revolutionary socialist and anarchist organizations that followed, including in particular the Russian Socialist Revolutionary Party (PSR).

The emancipation of the serfs in 1861 did not suddenly end the state of grim rural poverty in Russia, and the headed by the Tsar of Russia and the nobles around him, as well as the privileged state bureaucracy, remained in firm control of the nation's economy from which it extracted pecuniary benefits. By the beginning of decade of the 1870s, dissent regarding the established political and economic order had begun to take concrete form among many members of the intelligentsia, which sought to foster a modern and democratic society in Russia in place of the economic backwardness and political repression which marked the old regime.

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