The Earl of Rosebery
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The Right Honourable The Earl of Rosebery KG KT PC FRS |
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| Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | |
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In office 5 March 1894 – 22 June 1895 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Preceded by | William Ewart Gladstone |
| Succeeded by | The Marquess of Salisbury |
| Leader of the Opposition | |
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In office 22 June 1895 – 6 October 1896 |
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| Monarch | Victoria |
| Prime Minister | The Marquess of Salisbury |
| Preceded by | The Marquess of Salisbury |
| Succeeded by | Sir William Harcourt |
| Lord President of the Council | |
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In office 10 March 1894 – 21 June 1895 |
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| Preceded by | The Earl of Kimberley |
| Succeeded by | The Duke of Devonshire |
| Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | |
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In office 6 February 1886 – 3 August 1886 |
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| Prime Minister | William Ewart Gladstone |
| Preceded by | The Marquess of Salisbury |
| Succeeded by | The Earl of Iddesleigh |
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In office 18 August 1892 – 10 March 1894 |
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| Prime Minister | William Ewart Gladstone |
| Preceded by | The Marquess of Salisbury |
| Succeeded by | The Earl of Kimberley |
| First Commissioner of Works | |
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In office 13 February 1885 – 9 June 1885 |
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| Prime Minister | William Ewart Gladstone |
| Preceded by | George Shaw-Lefevre |
| Succeeded by | David Plunket |
| Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department | |
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In office August 1881 – June 1883 |
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| Prime Minister | William Ewart Gladstone |
| Preceded by | Leonard Courtney |
| Succeeded by | J. T. Hibbert |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Archibald Philip Primrose 7 May 1847 Mayfair, Middlesex, UK |
| Died | 21 May 1929 (aged 82) Epsom, Surrey, UK |
| Resting place | Dalmeny Parish Church, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK |
| Political party | Liberal |
| Spouse(s) | Hannah de Rothschild (m. 1878; d. 1890) |
| Children | 4 |
| Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford |
| Signature |  |
Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, 1st Earl of Midlothian, KG, KT, PC, FRS (7 May 1847 – 21 May 1929) was a British Liberal statesman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 5 March 1894 to 22 June 1895. Between the death of his father, in 1851, and the death of his grandfather, the 4th Earl, in 1868, he was known by the courtesy title of Lord Dalmeny.
Rosebery first came to national attention in 1879–1880 by sponsoring the successful Midlothian campaign of William Ewart Gladstone. He briefly was in charge of Scottish affairs. This finest performance in office came as chairman of the London County Council in 1889. He entered the cabinet in 1885 and served twice as foreign minister, paying special attention to French and German affairs. He succeeded Gladstone as prime minister and leader of the Liberal party in 1894; the Liberals lost the 1895 election. He resigned the party leadership in 1896 and never again held political office. He was widely known as a brilliant orator, an outstanding sportsman and marksman, a writer and historian, connoisseur and collector. All of these activities attracted him more than politics, which grew boring and unattractive. Furthermore, he drifted to the right of the Liberal party and became a bitter critic of its policies. Winston Churchill, observing that he never adapted to democratic electoral competition, quipped: "He would not stoop; he did not conquer."
Rosebery was a Liberal Imperialist who favoured strong national defence and imperialism abroad and social reform at home, while being solidly anti-socialist. Historians judge him a failure as foreign minister and as prime minister.
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