Telecommunications cable

Telecommunications cables are a type of guided transmission mediums. Cables are usually known to transmit electric energy (AC/DC); however, cables in telecommunications fields are used to transmit electromagnetic waves; they are called electromagnetic wave guides.

Telecommunications are based on transmitting modulated waves/signals through a medium and receiving them. When the distance between the transmitter and receiver is far, or an unguided medium transmission is used, antennas are used; otherwise, telecommunications cables are used in guided medium transmission.

There are several types of telecommunications cable:

Telecommunications power cable products, as described in Telcordia GR-347, consist of a stranded copper conductor used in AC/DC circuits up to 600 V that are insulated with non-halogen, limited smoke, polyolefin materials that are heat-resistant, moisture-resistant, and flame-retardant. These cables are provided as either Class B (standard) or Class I (flexible) products.

Telecommunications power cable is intended for use in AC/DC distribution circuits, wireways, racks, and conduits installed in telecommunications Central Offices (COs), transmission stations, cell-tower sites, and other remote sites. These environments are normally dry, but cables may be placed in partially covered or protected porches, crawl spaces, or in underground vaults where water and high moisture levels can occur.

Telecommunications power cables use RHH or RHW type insulation materials as defined in NFPA 70®, National Electrical Code®, for use in dry, damp, and wet locations. Products with dual RHH/RHW ratings can be used in all locations. The following cable location definitions are derived from the 2008 NEC.

To maintain a continuing level of quality on the production of cable, suppliers typically administer a Quality Management System (QMS) consistent with the latest issue of standards documents ISO 9000 and TL 9000 or an equivalent alternate quality system satisfactory to the purchaser. Quality and reliability requirements are of two types: Product and Qualification.

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