According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 15.9 square miles (41.2 km²), of which 15.6 sq mi (40.4 km²) is land and 0.3 sq mi (0.8 km²) is water, comprising 2.01% of the town. The highest point in Surry is along the town's western border, on the upper slopes of Derry Hill, where the elevation reaches 1,555 feet (474 m) above sea level.

Surry Dam on the Ashuelot River is in the south central part of town. It holds back the Surry Reservoir which functions as a recreational site.

A waterfall locally known as 40 Foot Falls can be seen from Joslin Road on Merriam Brook.

As of the census of 2000, there were 673 people, 268 households, and 206 families residing in the town. The population density was 43.2 people per square mile (16.7/km²). There were 282 housing units at an average density of 18.1 per square mile (7.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 98.07% White, 0.59% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.15% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.49% of the population.

There were 268 households out of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.8% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.8% were non-families. 18.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 2.84.

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