Surakarta Sunanate
| Surakarta | ||
|---|---|---|
| Kingdom | ||
| Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat | ||
|
||
 |
||
| Sunanate of Surakarta | 17 February 1745 | |
| Integration with Indonesia | 16 June 1946 | |
| Capital | Surakarta | |
| Government | ||
| • President | Joko Widodo | |
| • Sunan | Pakubuwono XIII | |
| Population | ||
| • Demonym | Surakartan | |
Surakarta Sunanate (Indonesian: Kasunanan Surakarta; Javanese: Kasunanan/Karaton Surakarta Hadiningrat; Dutch: Soerakarta) is a Javanese monarchy centred in the city of Surakarta, in the province of Central Java, Indonesia.
The Surakarta Kraton was established in 1745 by Pakubuwono II. Surakarta Sunanate and Yogyakarta Sultanate are together the successors of Mataram Sultanate. Unlike their counterparts in Yogyakarta, who use the title of sultan, the rulers of Surakarta use the title of sunan. The Dutch name was used during Dutch colonial rule until the 1940s. The title is sometimes anglicized as the Prince of Solo, from the location of their palace.
After Sultan Agung I, the power and prestige of Sultanate of Mataram was declining due to a power struggle and conflict of succession within the royal family. The VOC (Dutch East India Company) exploited the power struggle to increase its control on Java, and manage to gain concessions of Mataram's former colony in Priangan and Semarang. The Mataram seat in Plered near Kotagede collapsed after the Trunojoyo revolt in 1677. Sunan Amral (Amangkurat II) relocated the palace to Kartasura. During the reign of Sunan Pakubuwono II, in 1742 Raden Mas Garendi (Sunan Kuning) led Chinese mercenaries and launched a revolt against the crown and also VOC. Raden Mas Garendi was the son of Prince Teposono and also the grandson of Amangkurat II. The rebels managed to take control of the Kartasura capital and ousted Pakubuwono II who fled and sought refuge in Ponorogo. With the help of Adipati Cakraningrat IV the ruler of western Madura, Pakubuwono II regained the capital and cracked down on the rebellion. However the palace of Kartasura was destroyed and considered inauspicious since the bloodbath took place there. Pakubuwono II decided to build a new palace and capital city in Sala (Solo) village. The transfer of the capital to Sala village is commemorated in chandrasengkala (chronogram) "Kombuling Pudya Kepyarsihing Nata" which corresponds to Wednesday 12 Sura 1670 Javanese year (17 February 1745). The date is considered the day that the Surakarta Sunanate was established.
...
Wikipedia