Sun (heraldry)

A representation of the sun is used as a heraldic charge. The most usual form, often called sun in splendour or in his glory, consists of a round disc with the features of a human face, surrounded by twelve or sixteen rays, alternating wavy and straight. The alternating straight and wavy rays are often said to represent the light and heat of the sun respectively.

It was used as a badge by Edward II of England, and was later adopted by Edward IV following the appearance of a parhelion or "sun dog" before his victory at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross in 1461. It also had significance in alchemy, and may be a symbol of the Roman deity Sol Invictus (Unconquered Sun).

It is a common charge in the heraldry of many countries; e.g. the bearings of Armstrong, Canada, and the arms of Banbury Town Council, England. It also often appears as a rising sun as in the arms of East Devon District Council, England, and as a demi sun as in the coat of Aitchison, Canada.

The Sun of May shown on the national flags of Argentina (1818) and Uruguay (1828) is identical in form to the "Sun in Splendour".

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