The American Bryological and Lichenological Society is an organization devoted to the scientific study of all aspects of the biology of bryophytes and lichen-forming fungi and is one of the nation's oldest botanical organizations. It was originally known as the Sullivant Moss Society, named after William Starling Sullivant. The Society publishes a quarterly journal distributed worldwide, The Bryologist, which includes articles on all aspects of the biology of mosses, hornworts, liverworts and lichens.
The Society was founded in 1898, and was first known as the Sullivant Moss Chapter. It was founded by Elizabeth Gertrude Britton and Abel Joel Grout.
Annie Morrill Smith was a central figure in the organization in the early years, contributing much time, energy, and money. She was editor or associate editor of The Bryologist for ten years, and changed the name to the Sullivant Moss Society.