Stroma (fluid)
| Cell biology | |
|---|---|
| The chloroplast | |
Components of a typical chloroplast
1 Granum
4 Stromal thylakoid |
1 Granum
2 Chloroplast envelope
4 Stromal thylakoid
5 Stroma ◄ You are here
6 Nucleoid (DNA ring)
7 Ribosome
8 Plastoglobulus
9 Starch granule
Stroma, in botany, refers to the colorless fluid surrounding the grana within the chloroplast.
Within the stroma are grana, stacks of thylakoids, the sub-organelles, the daughter cells, where photosynthesis is commenced before the chemical changes are completed in the stroma.
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages. In the first stage, light-dependent reactions capture the energy of light and use it to make the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH. During the second stage, the light-independent reactions use these products to capture and reduce carbon dioxide.
The series of biochemical redox reactions which take place in the stroma are collectively called the Calvin cycle or light-independent reactions. There are three phases: carbon fixation, reduction reactions, and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration.
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