Stefan Tyszkiewicz

Stefan Eugeniusz Tyszkiewicz
Stefan Tyszkiewicz with his creation in the company of mechanics, 1926
Born	24 November 1894 Warsaw, Poland
Died	6 February 1976(1976-02-06) (aged 81) London, United Kingdom
Residence	Poland, Crimea, France and England
Fields	mechanical engineering, aerospace
Institutions	Stetysz, 1st Krechowce Uhlan Regiment, Polish Red Cross, Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Known for	car design and manufacturing, electronic devices
Notable awards	Order of St. George (Russia) 1915 Virtuti Militari (Poland) Grand Prix Brussels World's Fair 1958

Tyszkiewicz Family Crest

Leliwa coat of arms.
Current region	Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania
Connected families	House of Lubomirski, Princess Anastasia of Montenegro, Leuchtenberg, House of Savoy-Carignano
Distinctions	Knight of Malta
Estate	Landwarow

Stefan Eugeniusz Tyszkiewicz, in Polish, Stefan Eugeniusz Maria Tyszkiewicz-Łohojski z Landwarowa, Leliwa coat of arms, (born 24 November 1894 in Warsaw, died 6 February 1976 in London) was a member of the Polish nobility, landowner, engineer, inventor and an early pioneer of the Polish automotive industry. He was a decorated veteran of both World Wars and the Polish-Bolshevik War and social activist. After 1945, he became an exile, turned to publishing and politics as a member of the Polish National Council in London. He was an internationally feted inventor to the end of his life.

Stefan was the first born son, and second child of four, of Count Władysław Tyszkiewicz and his wife, Princess Krystyna Maria Lubomirska. The family were not merely members of the nobility, but had been magnates, and Stefan was to be the final heir to the estate of Landwarow in what is present day Lithuania. His older sister, Zofia Róża, was famed as a great beauty and married Prince . Already in childhood, Stefan showed a remarkable aptitude for technology. At the age of 14 years, he managed to gain a professional driving permit in Milan. In 1911, at only 17, he took out patents for two heating systems, one for cars, the other for flying machines. In 1913 he began undergraduate studies in engineering at Oxford University.

He was in Poland, during his first summer vacation from Oxford, when WW I was declared. He was never to return to the dreaming spires, but volunteered instead for the Russian branch of the International Red Cross. For conspicuous bravery in saving, under fire, seven gravely injured soldiers, he was awarded the Order of St. George. In 1915 he was conscripted into the army. He passed out of the Page Corps in St Petersburg. From late 1916 he was adjutant to Gen. Grand Duke Nikolay Romanov, commander-in-chief of the Caucasian Front. He met the step-daughter of Grand Duke Nikolay, who was herself related to several royal houses of Europe, Princess Elena of Leuchtenberg (1892–1971). She was the daughter of George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg and Princess Anastasia of Montenegro. They married in Yalta in July 1917. The couple had one surviving child, Countess Natalia Tyszkiewicz (1921–2003), who was to spend much of her later life in Switzerland.