Status of the Union Act
| Status of the Union Act, 1934 | |
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| Act to provide for the declaration of the Status of the Union of South Africa; for certain amendments of the South Africa Act, 1909, incidental thereto, and for the adoption of certain parts of the Statute of Westminster, 1931. | |
| Citation | Act No. 69 of 1934 |
| Territorial extent | Union of South Africa |
| Enacted by | Parliament of South Africa |
| Date of Royal Assent | 22 June 1934 |
| Date commenced | 22 August 1934 |
| Date repealed | 31 May 1961 |
| Legislative history | |
| Bill | Status of the Union Bill |
| Bill citation | A.B. 48 of 1934 |
| Bill published on | 23 March 1934 |
| Introduced by | Oswald Pirow, Minister of Railways and Harbours |
| Repealing legislation | |
| Republic of South Africa Constitution Act, 1961 | |
| Related legislation | |
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South Africa Act, 1909 Statute of Westminster 1931 |
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| Status: Repealed | |
The Status of the Union Act, 1934 (Act No. 69 of 1934) was an act of the Parliament of South Africa that was the South African counterpart to the Statute of Westminster 1931. It declared the Union of South Africa to be a "sovereign independent state" and explicitly adopted the Statute of Westminster into South African law. It also removed any remaining power of the Imperial Parliament to legislate for South Africa, and ended the King's direct involvement in the granting of Royal Assent.
The Statute of Westminster applied to South Africa without needing ratification from its Parliament (unlike the case in Australia and New Zealand), so the Status Act was not legally necessary to establish South Africa's sovereign independence. It was, however, seen as a symbolic action by the Pact government of Prime Minister JBM Hertzog, coming as it did shortly before the merger of his National Party with Jan Smuts's South African Party to form the United Party.
The Status of the Union Act was repealed by the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act, 1961, which ended South Africa's status as a Commonwealth realm and transformed it into a republic.
The Status Act incorporated the Statute of Westminster into South African law as if it were an act of the South African Parliament. Sections 7 to 10 of the Statute were omitted because they dealt with matters specific to other realms. The act further declared that "the Parliament of the Union shall be the sovereign legislative power in and over the Union," and that no act of the British Parliament would extend to South Africa unless extended by an act of the South African Parliament. This went further than the Statute of Westminster, which allowed the British Parliament to legislate for the Commonwealth realms at their request and with their consent.
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