St Nicolas Church, Newbury

St Nicolas Church
A view from the south west
Location	Newbury
Country	England
Denomination	Church of England
Website	st-nicolas-newbury.org
History
Founded	1086
Dedication	Saint Nicolas
Architecture
Functional status	Active
Heritage designation	Grade I
Style	Gothic
Administration
Archdeaconry	Berkshire
Diocese	Oxford

St Nicolas Church is the parish church of Newbury, Berkshire, and is situated just south of the main bridge over the River Kennet, in the centre of the town. It is chiefly remarkable for the consistency of its Perpendicular Gothic architectural style and its unusually large size for a parish church.

St. Nicolas Church is dedicated to the eponymous Bishop of Myra in the fourth century. A church was first built in this spot during Norman times, and it is mentioned in a document of 1086 in which Ernulf of Hesding gives the church of the Abbey of Préaux.

The present parish church was entirely rebuilt, probably between the years 1509-1533. It is in the architectural style of the late Perpendicular period. The presence of certain devices in the stonework, in particular the pomegranate device (the apple of Grenada) and the portcullis device (which appears on the Tudor royal Escutcheon) indicates that the church was built during the marriage of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, which ended in divorce during 1533.

In Fuller's "History of the Worthies of England", published in 1663, it is stated: "John Winchcombe, commonly called Jack of Newberry... built the church of Newberry, from the pulpit westward to the tower inclusively, and died about the year 1520".

Although the church was extensively restored by the Victorians, they made no major structural alterations.

The plan of the church is typical for a parish church, consisting of nave and chancel with no transept. Considered large compared to other churches of the same style, the nave has a clerestory, lighted by five large three light windows on either side, and aisles with arcades of five arches each. These aisles open into what were chantry-chapels on either side of the chancel. The southern chantry-chapel still functions as such but the northern is used as a vestry and contains the organ.