St. Stephen, New Brunswick
| St. Stephen | |
|---|---|
| Town | |
 |
|
| Motto: Canada's Chocolate Town | |
 St. Stephen
|
|
| Coordinates: 45°12′N 67°17′W / 45.200°N 67.283°WCoordinates: 45°12′N 67°17′W / 45.200°N 67.283°W | |
| Country |
 Canada |
| Province |
 New Brunswick
|
| County | Charlotte |
| Parish | Saint Stephen |
| Founded | 1604 |
| Town | 1871 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Town Council |
| • Mayor | Allan MacEachern |
| • Deputy Mayor | Jason Carr |
| Area | |
| • Total | 13.45 km2 (5.19 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 4,817 |
| • Density | 358.0/km2 (927/sq mi) |
| • Pop 2006–2011 |
 0.8% |
| • Dwellings | 2,256 |
| Time zone | AST (UTC−4) |
| • Summer (DST) | ADT (UTC−3) |
| Postal code(s) | E3L |
| Area code | 506 |
Highways Route 1 Route 3 Route 170 US 1
|
 Route 725 Route 740
|
| NTS Map | 021G03 |
| GNBC Code | DAZBZ |
| Website | www.town.ststephen.nb.ca |
St. Stephen (2011 population: 4,817) is a Canadian town in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, situated on the east bank of the St. Croix River around the intersection of New Brunswick Route 170 and the southern terminus of New Brunswick Route 3. The St. Croix River marks a section of the Canada–United States border, forming a natural border between Calais, Maine and St. Stephen. U.S. Route 1 parallels the St. Croix river for a few miles, and is accessed from St. Stephen by three cross-border bridges.
The Passamaquoddy people were the first to make their home along the St. Croix River. They dispersed and hunted inland in the winter; in the summer, they gathered more closely together on the coast and islands, and primarily harvested seafood, including porpoise. In 1604, French explorer Samuel de Champlain and his men spent a winter here. The Passamaquoddy were forced off their original lands repeatedly by European settlers since that time.
During Queen Anne's War, in response to the French Raid on Deerfield, New Englander Major Benjamin Church raided the Acadian villages of Castine, Maine (then known as Penobscot). From the Raid on Castine, Maine, Church learned that Michel Chartier, who was granted the land of present-day St. Stephen, was building a fort at Passamaquoddy Bay. Church and his men arrived at the Passamaquoddy Bay on board the Province Galley, Gosport and Fearly and several other vessels. Church travelled up the St. Croix River to St. Stephen and, on June 7, 1704, took Chartier by surprise and his family fled into the woods. On June 13, Church reported they were destroying the crops of the Acadians and the Acadians and Natives fired upon Church's troops and a three-hour exchange ensued. Church killed and imprisoned Acadians and Natives, with the total number being 35. One of Church's men was wounded. They pillaged and plundered the community.
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