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Soyuz TM-19

Soyuz TM-19
Mission type Mir crew transport
Operator Rosaviakosmos
COSPAR ID 1994-036A
SATCAT no. 23139
Mission duration 125 days, 22 hours, 53 minutes, 36 seconds
Orbits completed 1,993
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft Soyuz 7K-STM No.68
Spacecraft type Soyuz-TM
Manufacturer RKK Energia
Launch mass 7,150 kilograms (15,760 lb)
Crew
Crew size 2 up
3 down
Members Yuri Malenchenko
Talgat Musabayev
Landing Ulf Merbold
Callsign Ага́т (Agat - Agate)
Start of mission
Launch date July 1, 1994, 12:24:50 (1994-07-01UTC12:24:50Z) UTC
Rocket Soyuz-U2
Launch site Baikonur 1/5
End of mission
Landing date November 4, 1994, 11:18:26 (1994-11-04UTC11:18:27Z) UTC
Landing site 88 kilometres (55 mi) northeast of Arkalyk
Orbital parameters
Reference system Geocentric
Regime Low Earth
Perigee 396 kilometres (246 mi)
Apogee 397 kilometres (247 mi)
Inclination 51.6 degrees
Period 92.48 minutes
Epoch 31 July 1994
Docking with Mir
Docking port Kvant-1 aft
Docking date 3 July 1994, 13:55:01 UTC
Undocking date 4 November 1994, 08:31:30 UTC

Soyuz TM-19 patch.png

Soyuz programme
(Manned missions)

Soyuz TM-19 patch.png

The Soyuz-TM crew transports (T - транспортный - Transportnyi - meaning transport, M - модифицированный - Modifitsirovannyi - meaning modified) were fourth generation (1986–2002) Soyuz spacecraft used for ferry flights to the Mir and ISS space stations. It added to the Soyuz-T new docking and rendezvous, radio communications, emergency and integrated parachute/landing engine systems. The new Kurs rendezvous and docking system permitted the Soyuz-TM to maneuver independently of the station, without the station making "mirror image" maneuvers to match unwanted translations introduced by earlier models' aft-mounted attitude control.

Soyuz TM-19 was the tenth expedition to the Russian Space Station Mir.

Commander Malenchenko and Flight Engineer Musabayev, spaceflight rookies, were to have been launched with veteran cosmonaut Gennadi Strekalov, who would have returned to Earth with Viktor Afanaseyev and Yuri Usachyov in Soyuz-TM 18 after a few days on Mir. However, cancellation of one of two Progress-M cargo ships scheduled to resupply Mir during the Agat crew’s stay meant Strekalov’s couch had to carry supplies. The result was an unusual all-rookie flight. Docking occurred without incident on July 3. On November 3, Musabayev, Malenchenko, and Merbold undocked in Soyuz-TM 19 and backed 190 m from Mir. They then activated the Kurs automatic approach system, which successfully redocked the spacecraft. The cosmonauts then transferred back to Mir. The test was related to the difficulties Soyuz-TM 20 and Progress-M 24 experienced during their automatic approaches. Final undocking and reentry the following day occurred without incident.

Both cosmonauts and Doctor Valeri Polyakov (arrived on Soyuz TM-18) became the 16th resident crew; many technical problems with the station arose during this mission, necessitating a previously untried manual supply dock by Malenchenko.


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