Soyuz MS
Soyuz MS-01 docked to the ISS
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| Manufacturer | Energia | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Country of origin | Russia | ||
| Operator | Russian Federal Space Agency | ||
| Applications | Carry three cosmonauts to ISS and back | ||
| Specifications | |||
| Spacecraft type | Manned spaceflight | ||
| Design life | 210 days when docked to Space station | ||
| Launch mass | 7,080kg | ||
| Crew capacity | 3 | ||
| Dimensions | 2.72m width, 7.48m span, 10.7 meters span with solar cells deployed | ||
| Volume | 10.5 m3 (370 cu ft) | ||
| Batteries | 755 Ampere-hour | ||
| Regime | Low Earth orbit | ||
| Production | |||
| Status | In Production | ||
| Built | 2 | ||
| On order | 15 | ||
| Launched | 2 | ||
| Operational | 2 | ||
| First launch | July 7, 2016 Soyuz MS-01 | ||
| Related spacecraft | |||
| Derived from | Soyuz TMA-M | ||
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The Soyuz-MS (Russian: Союз МС, GRAU: 11F732A48) is the latest revision of the Soyuz spacecraft. It is an evolution of the Soyuz TMA-M spacecraft, with modernization mostly concentrated on the communications and navigation subsystems.
It is used by the Russian Federal Space Agency for human spaceflight. Soyuz-MS has minimal external changes with respect to the Soyuz TMA-M, mostly limited to antennas and sensors, as well as the thrusters placement.
The first launch was Soyuz MS-01 on July 7, 2016 aboard a Soyuz-FG launch vehicle towards the ISS. The trip included a two-day checkout phase for the design before docking with the ISS on July 9.
A Soyuz spacecraft consists of three parts (from front to back):
The first two portions are habitable living space. By moving as much as possible into the orbital module, which does not have to be shielded or decelerated during atmospheric re-entry, the Soyuz three-part craft is both larger and lighter than the two-part Apollo spacecraft's command module. The Apollo command module had six cubic meters of living space and a mass of 5000 kg; the three-part Soyuz provided the same crew with nine cubic meters of living space, an airlock, and a service module for the mass of the Apollo capsule alone. This does not consider orbital module that could be used instead of LEM in Apollo.
Soyuz can carry up to three cosmonauts and provide life support for them for about 30 person days. The life support system provides a nitrogen/oxygen atmosphere at sea level partial pressures. The atmosphere is regenerated through KO2 cylinders, which absorb most of the CO2 and water produced by the crew and regenerates the oxygen, and LiOH cylinders which absorb leftover CO2.
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Wikipedia