South African Class 5A 4-6-2

CGR Karoo Class 4-6-2 1903
South African Class 5A 4-6-2

CGR no. 903, SAR no. 721, Paardeneiland, c. 1940

Type and origin Power type Steam Designer Cape Government Railways (H.M. Beatty) Builder Kitson and Company Serial number 4193-4194 Model CGR Karoo Build date 1903 Total produced 2

Specifications Configuration 4-6-2 (Pacific) Driver 2nd coupled axle Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge Leading dia. 28 1⁄2 in (724 mm) Coupled dia. 60 in (1,524 mm) Trailing dia. 33 in (838 mm) Tender wheels 37 in (940 mm) Wheelbase 49 ft 1 1⁄8 in (14,964 mm)  • Engine 28 ft 2 1⁄2 in (8,598 mm)  • Leading 6 ft (1,829 mm)  • Coupled 10 ft 10 in (3,302 mm)  • Tender 10 ft (3,048 mm) Wheel spacing (Asymmetrical) 1-2: 5 ft 7 in (1,702 mm) 2-3: 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) Length 58 ft 9 in (17,907 mm) Height 12 ft 10 in (3,912 mm) Frame type Bar Axle load 12 LT 15 cwt (12,950 kg)  • Leading 11 LT 7 cwt (11,530 kg)  • 1st coupled 12 LT 14 cwt (12,900 kg)  • 2nd coupled 12 LT 15 cwt (12,950 kg)  • 3rd coupled 12 LT 15 cwt (12,950 kg)  • Trailing 10 LT 12 cwt (10,770 kg)  • Tender axle Axle 1: 10 LT 8 cwt (10,570 kg) Axle 2: 10 LT 15 cwt (10,920 kg) Axle 3: 10 LT 17 cwt (11,020 kg) Adhesive weight 38 LT 4 cwt (38,810 kg) Loco weight 60 LT 3 cwt (61,120 kg) Tender weight 32 LT (32,510 kg) Total weight 92 LT 3 cwt (93,630 kg) Tender type YE (3-axle) Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 5 LT 10 cwt (5.6 t) Water cap 2,825 imp gal (12,800 l) Firebox type Round-top  • Firegrate area 26 sq ft (2.4 m2) Boiler: ​  • Pitch 7 ft 1⁄2 in (2,146 mm)  • Diameter 4 ft 7 3⁄4 in (1,416 mm)  • Tube plates 14 ft 6 1⁄4 in (4,426 mm)  • Small tubes 154: 2 1⁄4 in (57 mm) Boiler pressure 180 psi (1,241 kPa) Safety valve Ramsbottom Heating surface 1,427 sq ft (132.6 m2)  • Tubes 1,317 sq ft (122.4 m2)  • Firebox 110 sq ft (10 m2) Cylinders Two Cylinder size 18 1⁄2 in (470 mm) bore 26 in (660 mm) stroke Valve gear Stephenson Valve type Richardson balanced slide Couplers Johnston link-and-pin

Performance figures Tractive effort 20,030 lbf (89.1 kN) @ 75%

Career Operators Cape Government Railways South African Railways Class CGR Karoo Class SAR Class 5A Number in class 2 Numbers CGR 903-904 SAR 721-722 Delivered 1903 First run 1903 Withdrawn 1940

The centre coupled axle had flangeless wheels

The South African Railways Class 5A 4-6-2 of 1903 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

In 1903, the Cape Government Railways placed two Karoo Class steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 Pacific type wheel arrangement in passenger service. In 1912, when they were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered and designated Class 5A.

The Karoo Class of the Cape Government Railways (CGR) was the first tender locomotive with a 4-6-2 Pacific type wheel arrangement to be introduced in Africa. It was the logical development of the CGR 6th Class 2-6-2 Prairie type which later became the Class 6Y on the South African Railways (SAR).

Designed by CGR Chief Locomotive Superintendent H.M. Beatty at the Salt River shops in Cape Town, it was acquired to cope with the increasing weight of passenger trains on the one-in-eighty gradients between Beaufort West and De Aar.

The locomotive had a bar frame, Stephenson valve gear and used saturated steam. At the time, there was a general belief that any appreciable raising of the boiler pitch would result in a top-heavy locomotive. Since Beatty was very cautious about raising the boiler's centre line to more than twice the rail gauge, or 7 feet (2,134 millimetres), and in this case also to accommodate the large 60 inches (1,520 millimetres) diameter coupled wheels, he resorted to cutting the boiler shell and installing specially shaped pockets to obtain the required clearance.

In 1903, two of these locomotives were built by Kitson and Company, immediately after building the two 6th Class 2-6-2 Prairie locomotives since their works numbers follow in sequence. They were numbered 903 and 904, but were not allocated class numbers by the CGR and instead became known as the Karoo Class after the region of the Western System which they were designed to work in.

Kitson’s later used the Karoo design as basis for a batch of Pacific type locomotives which it built for the Midland Railway of Western Australia.