South African Class 14B 4-8-2

South African Class 14B, 14 & 14R 4-8-2

Class 14B, as built, c. 1921

Type and origin ʘ Class 14B, saturated steam ♠ Class 14, superheated steam ♥ Class 14R rebuilt with a Watson Standard boiler ♣ Steel firebox - ♦ Copper firebox Power type Steam Designer South African Railways (D.A. Hendrie) Builder Beyer, Peacock and Company Order number 0788 Serial number 5877-5891 Model Class 14B Build date 1914-1915 Total produced 15

Specifications Configuration 4-8-2 (Mountain) Driver 2nd coupled axle Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge Leading dia. 28 1⁄2 in (724 mm) Coupled dia. 48 in (1,219 mm) Trailing dia. 33 in (838 mm) Tender wheels 34 in (864 mm) Wheelbase 56 ft 11 3⁄8 in (17,358 mm)  • Engine 30 ft 7 in (9,322 mm)  • Leading 6 ft 2 in (1,880 mm)  • Coupled 12 ft 9 in (3,886 mm)  • Tender 16 ft 9 in (5,105 mm)  • Tender bogie 4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm) Length: ​  • Over couplers 65 ft 3 1⁄2 in (19,901 mm) Height ʘ♠ 12 ft 7 1⁄2 in (3,848 mm) ♥ 12 ft 11 3⁄4 in (3,956 mm) Frame type Plate Axle load ʘ♠ 16 LT 3 cwt (16,410 kg) ♥♦ 16 LT 10 cwt (16,760 kg)  • Leading ʘ♠ 15 LT 14 cwt (15,950 kg) ♥♦ 15 LT 6 cwt (15,550 kg)  • 1st coupled ʘ♠ 16 LT 1 cwt (16,310 kg) ♥♦ 15 LT 17 cwt (16,100 kg)  • 2nd coupled ʘ♠ 16 LT 3 cwt (16,410 kg) ♥♦ 16 LT 10 cwt (16,760 kg)  • 3rd coupled ʘ♠ 16 LT 3 cwt (16,410 kg) ♥♦ 15 LT 15 cwt (16,000 kg)  • 4th coupled ʘ♠ 16 LT 1 cwt (16,310 kg) ♥♦ 15 LT 11 cwt (15,800 kg)  • Trailing ʘ♠ 10 LT 14 cwt (10,870 kg) ♥♦ 11 LT 10 cwt (11,680 kg)  • Tender bogie Bogie 1: 27 LT 10 cwt (27,940 kg) Bogie 2: 23 LT 11 cwt (23,930 kg)  • Tender axle 13 LT 15 cwt (13,970 kg) Adhesive weight ʘ♠ 64 LT 8 cwt (65,430 kg) ♥♦ 63 LT (64.010955254400 t) Loco weight ʘ♠ 90 LT 16 cwt (92,260 kg) ♥♦ 90 LT 4 cwt (91,650 kg) Tender weight 51 LT 1 cwt (51,870 kg) Total weight ʘ♠ 141 LT 17 cwt (144,100 kg) ♥♦ 141 LT 5 cwt (143,500 kg) Tender type MP1 (2-axle bogies) MP, MP1, MR, MS, MT, MT1, MT2, MX, MY, MY1 permitted Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 10 LT (10.2 t) Water cap 4,250 imp gal (19,300 l) Generator Pyle National turbo Firebox type ʘ♠ Belpaire - ♥ Round-top  • Firegrate area ʘ 36 sq ft (3.3 m2) ♠♥ 37 sq ft (3.4 m2) Boiler: ​  • Model Watson Standard no. 2  • Pitch ʘ♠ 7 ft 7 in (2,311 mm) ♥ 8 ft 1⁄2 in (2,451 mm)  • Diameter ʘ♠♥ 5 ft 7 1⁄2 in (1,714 mm)  • Tube plates ʘ♠ 19 ft (5,791 mm) ♥♣ 19 ft 4 in (5,893 mm) ♥♦ 19 ft 3 5⁄8 in (5,883 mm)  • Small tubes ʘ 253: 2 1⁄4 in (57 mm) ♠ 139: 2 1⁄4 in (57 mm) ♥ 87: 2 1⁄2 in (64 mm)  • Large tubes ♠ 24: 5 1⁄2 in (140 mm) ♥ 30: 5 1⁄2 in (140 mm) Boiler pressure ʘ 200 psi (1,379 kPa) ♠♥ 190 psi (1,310 kPa) Safety valve ♠ Ramsbottom - ♥ Pop Heating surface ʘ 2,975 sq ft (276.4 m2) ♠ 2,362 sq ft (219.4 m2) ♥ 2,075 sq ft (192.8 m2)  • Tubes ʘ 2,825 sq ft (262.5 m2) ♠ 2,212 sq ft (205.5 m2) ♥ 1,933 sq ft (179.6 m2)  • Firebox ʘ♠ 150 sq ft (14 m2) ♥ 142 sq ft (13.2 m2) Superheater: ​  • Heating area ♠ 540 sq ft (50 m2) ♥ 492 sq ft (45.7 m2) Cylinders Two Cylinder size ʘ 21 in (533 mm) bore ♠♥ 22 in (559 mm) bore ʘ♠♥ 26 in (660 mm) stroke Valve gear Walschaerts Valve type Piston Couplers Johnston link-and-pin AAR knuckle (1930s)

Performance figures Tractive effort ʘ 35,831 lbf (159.38 kN) @ 75% ♠♥ 37,360 lbf (166.2 kN) @ 75%

Career Operators South African Railways Class Class 14B, 14 & 14R Number in class 15 Numbers 1746-1760 Delivered 1915 First run 1915 Withdrawn 1982

The leading coupled axle had flangeless wheels

The South African Railways Class 14B 4-8-2 of 1915 was a steam locomotive.

In 1915, the South African Railways placed fifteen Class 14B saturated steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement in service. When they were subsequently converted to superheating, they were reclassified to Class 14. In the 1930s all but one were reboilered with Watson Standard no. 2 boilers and reclassified to Class 14R.

The third version of the Class 14 locomotive was ordered from Beyer, Peacock and Company in 1914. Fifteen locomotives were delivered in 1915, numbered in the range from 1746 to 1760. These saturated steam versions of the Class 14 were designated Class 14B.

Like the Class 14, the Class 14B had Walschaerts valve gear and a Belpaire firebox. Because it was intended for use on the lower section of the Natal mainline, D.A. Hendrie, Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the South African Railways (SAR), concluded that no high degree of superheat would be attainable and the locomotives were therefore ordered without superheaters. They were intended for use on the Town Hill section near Pietermaritzburg, where the old line was on a 1 in 30 (3⅓%) gradient and where speeds were low with frequent stops which, it was reasoned, would not justify the use of superheating.

Once in service, the omission of superheating soon became a bone of contention. About six years after the Class 14B was commissioned, an officer of the Mechanical Department submitted a report which claimed that the loss of haulage power and increased water and coal consumption which were brought about by the absence of superheating on these engines, represented a loss to the SAR of approximately £100,000 when compared with the superheated Class 14. Given that eight years later, in 1929, the purchase price of a new Class 19A locomotive would be £6,387 (£5,323 for the engine and £1,064 for the tender), this was a staggering amount.

This report caused a flutter in the Railways Administration. The officer who made it, left the service to do very well elsewhere. Conversion of the Class 14B to superheating began soon afterwards. Between 1922 and 1925, all fifteen Class 14B locomotives were converted. Their cylinders were reamed from 21 to 22 inches (533 to 559 millimetres) bore and the boiler pressure reduced from 200 to 190 pounds per square inch (1,379 to 1,310 kilopascals). Since their being non-superheated with smaller cylinders had been the only reasons for their separate Class 14B classification, they were all reclassified to Class 14.