Solicitor-General of New Zealand

The Solicitor-General of New Zealand is the second law officer of state in New Zealand. The Solicitor-General is also head of the Crown Law Office, that comprises lawyers employed to represent the Attorney-General in court proceedings in New Zealand. The current Solicitor-General is Una Jagose.

Under section 9A of the Constitution Act 1986 the Solicitor-General can exercise almost all of the statutory functions conferred on the Attorney-General. As the non-political Law Officer, the Solicitor-General has traditionally assumed responsibility for the exercise of those functions that should be undertaken independently of the political process. The Crown Law Office supervises the prosecution of major criminal offences, with most prosecutions being conducted by regional law firms that act as Crown Solicitors.

New Zealand has had its own Attorney-General since 1841 and the position of Solicitor-General was established in 1867 which was initially a political office as it currently is in England. In 1875, the office became a permanent government position. Walter Scott Reid the first to hold the position. He remained in the position for the next 25 years. During this period the roles and responsibilities of the Attorney-General and the Solicitor-General were the subject of some debate and clarification by the Supreme Court.

In 1854 the General Assembly introduced a bill to establish, among others, the position of Solicitor-General.James O'Neill opposed the establishment of the position because each Province had its own Solicitor and thought that they together with the Attorney-General were sufficient. Whether the position was established is difficult to determine. Papers in 1854 refer to Sewell as the late Solicitor-General, yet his biography says he was Attorney-General. Also, in 1861 reference is made of Travers being offered the position, but Travers had not been in office since 1859.

When William Cunningham MacGregor was appointed judge in 1923, the Attorney-General, Francis Bell discontinued the office of Solicitor General, with the tasks to be carried out by the Principal Law Officer, to which office Arthur Fair was appointed. Fair was eventually appointed Solicitor-General in May 1925, and at the same time, he was made a King's Counsel.

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