Siswondo Parman

Siswondo Parman (4 August 1918 – 1 October 1965) or more popularly known such as in streets name as S. Parman, was a soldier in the Indonesian Army, and was kidnapped from his home in Jakarta by members of the 30 September Movement in the early hours of October 1. He was later killed at Lubang Buaya.

Parman was born in Wonosobo, Central Java. He graduated from the town's Dutch high school in 1940 and entered medical school, but had to leave when the Japanese invaded. He then worked for the Japanese Kempeitai military police. However, he was arrested because of doubts over his loyalty, but was later freed. Following his release, he was sent to Japan for intelligence training, and worked again for the Kempeitai on his return until the end of the war, working as a translator in Yogyakarta.

After the Indonesian Declaration of Independence, Parman joined the People's Security Army (TKR), the forerunner of the Indonesian Military. At the end of December 1945, he was appointed chief of staff of the Military Police in Yogyakarta. Four years later he became chief of staff to the Greater Jakarta military governor and was promoted to major. In this capacity, he managed to foil a plot by the "Just King Armed Forces" (Angkatan Perang Ratu Adil, APRA), a rebel military group led by Raymond Westerling, to kill the defense minister and armed forces commander.

In 1951, Parman was sent to the Military Police School in the United States for further training, and on November 11 that year, was appointed commander of the Jakarta Military Police. he then occupied a number of positions at National Military Police HQ, and the Indonesian Defense Ministry before being sent to London as military attache to the Indonesian Embassy there. On June 28, with the rank of Major General, he was appointed 1st assistant with responsibility for intelligence to Army chief of staff Lieutenant General Ahmad Yani.

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