Siemion Budionnyi
| Semyon Budyonny | |
|---|---|
Marshal of the Soviet Union Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny.
|
|
| Birth name | Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny |
| Born |
April 25, 1883 Platovskaya, Don Host Oblast, Russian Empire |
| Died | October 26, 1973 (aged 90) Moscow, Russian SFSR |
| Allegiance |
 Russian Empire (1903–1917) Russian SFSR (1917–1922) Soviet Union (1922–1973) |
| Service/ |
Imperial Russian Army Red Army
|
| Years of service | 1903–1954 |
| Rank | Marshal of the Soviet Union |
| Commands held |
1st Cavalry Army Moscow Military District Reserve Front |
| Battles/wars |
Russo-Japanese War World War I Russian Civil War Polish-Soviet War World War II |
| Awards |
  (8)Order of the Red Banner (6) Order of the October Revolution Order of Suvorov, 1st Class Cross of St. George, 1—4 Classes |
Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny (Russian: Семён Миха́йлович Будённый, IPA: [sʲɪˈmʲɵn mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪt͡ɕ bʊˈdʲɵnːɨj] (
listen); April 25 [O.S. April 13] 1883 – October 26, 1973) was a Russian cavalryman, a military commander during the Russian Civil War and World War II, and a close political ally of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.
During the Russian Civil War, Budyonny’s large cavalry force helped the Bolsheviks to victory, and Budyonny himself became the subject of several popular patriotic songs. He was promoted to the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union in 1935. In World War II, he received the blame for many of Stalin’s military strategy errors, but he was retained in the Soviet high command because of his bravery and popularity. He was a notable horse-breeder, who declared that the tank could never replace the horse as an instrument of war.
Budyonny was born into a poor peasant family on the Kozyurin farmstead near the town of Salsk in the Don Cossack region of the southern Russian Empire (now Rostov Oblast). Although he grew up in a Cossack region, Budyonny was not a Cossack—his family actually came from Voronezh province. He was of Russian ethnicity. He worked as a farm laborer, shop errand boy, blacksmith's apprentice, and driver of a steam-driven threshing machine, until the autumn of 1903, when he was drafted into the Imperial Russian Army. He became a cavalryman reinforcing the 46th Cossack Regiment during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. After the war, he was transferred to the Primorsk Dragoon Regiment. In 1907, he was sent to the Academy for Cavalry Officers in the St. Petersburg Riding School. He graduated first in his class after a year, becoming an instructor with the rank of junior non-commissioned officer. He returned to his regiment as a riding instructor with a rank of senior non-commissioned officer. At the start of World War I, he joined a reserve dragoon cavalry battalion.
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