Siberian Army

The Siberian Army (Russian: Сибирская армия, translit. Sibirskaya Armiya) was an anti-Bolshevik army during the Russian Civil War, which fought from June 1918 – July 1919 in Siberia – Ural Region.

After the Bolsheviks' seizure of power in Petrograd, the All-Siberian Extraordinary Congress of Delegates from Public Organizations was convened in Tomsk on December 7, 1917. The SR-dominated assembly refused to recognize Soviet authority or its decrees, and during its last session on December 15 called for the convocation of an “all-socialist” Siberian Regional Duma and appointed a Provisional Siberian Council, answerable to the Duma, that would “act as a government”. The opening of the Duma was set for January 8, 1918.

As it happened, the Duma could not open on the date the congress had set for it due to lack of a quorum requiring that a minimum of one-third of the delegates, or 93, be present. Many of the delegates had already been arrested by local Bolshevik authorities; others had not been able to reach Tomsk.

Three weeks later, on the night of January 28–29, some 40 delegates finally succeeded in meeting. They expeditiously elected a government known as the Provisional Government of Autonomous Siberia (PGAS), under the chairmanship of a young Socialist-Revolutionary Pyotr Derber. Another member of SR Party—Col. Arkady Krakovetsky—became Minister of War; his task was to organize an anti-Bolshevik rebellion in Siberia. Krakovetsky appointed two representatives, stabskapitän Frizel in West-Siberian Military District and praporshchik Kalashnikov (both members of SR Party). However, there also were many independent underground military organizations with experienced officers as members. Hence, SR members quickly became driven into underground organizations. In western Siberia the main person became Col. Aleksey Grishin-Almazov, in Eastern Siberia Col. A. Ellerts-Usov. To coordinate the efforts they created the Central Staff in Novonikolaevsk; Grishin-Almazov became the chief of this staff.

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