Sibboleth

A shibboleth (/ˈʃɪbəˌlɛθ, -əlᵻθ/;  listen ) is either a saying that people repeatedly cite that some think to be wrong, or a word or custom whose variations in pronunciation or style distinguish members of ingroups from those of outgroups, with an implicit value judgment based on familiarity with the shibboleth.

The term originates from the Hebrew word shibbólet (שִׁבֹּלֶת‎), which literally means the part of a plant containing grains, such as an ear of corn or a stalk of grain or, in different contexts, "stream, torrent". The modern use derives from an account in the Hebrew Bible, in which pronunciation of this word was used to distinguish Ephraimites, whose dialect included a differently-sounding first consonant, to the word “Shibboleth”. The difference concerns the Hebrew letter shin, which is now pronounced as [ʃ] (as in shoe).

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