SensorThings API
| Status | OGC Standard Implementation Specification |
|---|---|
| Year started | 2015 |
| Latest version | 1.0 |
| Editors | Steve Liang (SensorUp), Chih-Yuan Huang (National Central University), Tania Tania Khalafbeigi (SensorUp) |
| Base standards | JSON, OGC/ISO 19156:2011 O&M |
| Domain | Open Geospatial Consortium, Internet of Things |
| Abbreviation | OGC STA |
| Website | OGC SensorThings API Standard GitHub Page |
SensorThings API is an Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standard providing an open and unified framework to interconnect IoT sensing devices, data, and applications over the Web. It is an open standard addressing the syntactic interoperability and semantic interoperability of the Internet of Things. It complements the existing IoT networking protocols such CoAP, MQTT, , 6LowPAN. While the above-mentioned IoT networking protocols are addressing the ability for different IoT systems to exchange information, OGC SensorThings API is addressing the ability for different IoT systems to use and understand the exchanged information. As an OGC standard, SensorThings API also allows easy integration into existing Spatial Data Infrastructures or Geographic Information Systems.
OGC SensorThings API was released for public comment on June 18, 2015. The OGC Technical Committee (TC) approves start of electronic vote on December 3, 2015, and the SensorThings API passed the TC vote on February 1, 2016. The official OGC standard specification was published online on July 26, 2016.
SensorThings API is designed specifically for resource-constrained IoT devices and the Web developer community. It follows REST principles, the JSON encoding, and the OASIS protocol and URL conventions. Also, it has an MQTT extension allowing users/devices to publish and subscribe updates from devices, and can use CoAP in addition to HTTP.
The foundation of the SensorThings API is its data model that is based on the ISO 19156 (ISO/OGC Observations and Measurements), that defines a conceptual model for observations, and for features involved in sampling when making observations. In the context of the SensorThings, the features are modelled as Things, Sensors (i.e., Procedures in O&M), and Feature of Interests. As a result, the SensorThings API provides an interoperable Observation-focus view, that is particularly useful to reconcile the differences between heterogeneous sensing systems (e.g., in-situ sensors and remote sensors).
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