Second Banda Oriental campaign

Second Banda Oriental campaign
Part of Argentine War of Independence
Date 1812-1814 Location Banda Oriental Result United Provinces of the Río de la Plata victory
Belligerents
United Provinces of the Río de la Plata	Spanish Empire
Commanders and leaders
William Brown José de San Martín José Rondeau José Gervasio Artigas	Jacinto de Romarate Gaspar de Vigodet Antonio Zabala

The Second Banda Oriental campaign was a military campaign of the Argentine War of Independence, that besieged and captured the Banda Oriental (present-day Uruguay) with joint operations against Montevideo by José Rondeau on land and William Brown on water.

The first campaign against the Banda Oriental ended with a peace treaty negotiated between the First Triumvirate of Buenos Aires and Javier de Elío of Montevideo. Buenos Aires had a weak military outlook after the defeat of the Paraguay campaign and the First Upper Peru campaign. Elío feared that the Portuguese reinforcements he requested from the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves would actually attempt to invade the Banda Oriental instead of reinforcing him. José Gervasio Artigas felt betrayed by the Triumvirate, and led his people out of the zone during the Oriental exodus. The troops from Buenos Aires left as well, leaving Elío alone against the Portuguese. The Portuguese military left after the intervention of the British Lord Strangford.

Hostilities were renewed shortly afterwards, when the Triumvirate failed to take action against José Gervasio Artigas and demanded the departure of the Portuguese armies called by Elío. When they were gone, Buenos Aires renewed hostilities against the Banda Oriental, but Artigas did not take part in the military action. Manuel de Sarratea had declared him a traitor. However, the Revolution of October 8, 1812 deposed the Triumvirate and replaced it with the Second Triumvirate. The new governors replaced Sarratea with the Oriental José Rondeau, who had good relations with Artigas. Artigas joined the siege of Montevideo and sent deputies to the Assembly of the Year XIII. When those deputies were rejected, Artigas left the siege.

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