Sdok Kok Thom

Sdok Kok Thom
Sdok Kok Thom Location in Thailand
Name
Proper name	Sdok Kok Thom
Geography
Coordinates	13°50′37.29″N 102°44′14.84″E / 13.8436917°N 102.7374556°E / 13.8436917; 102.7374556Coordinates: 13°50′37.29″N 102°44′14.84″E / 13.8436917°N 102.7374556°E / 13.8436917; 102.7374556
Country	Thailand
Province	Sa Kaeo
Location	Aranyaprathet, Amphoe Khok Sung
Culture
Primary deity	Śiva
Architecture
Architectural styles	Khmer
History and governance
Date built	11th century
Creator	Udayādityavarman II

Sdok Kok Thom (Khmer: ស្តុកកក់ធំ,Thai: สด๊กก๊อกธม, Sadok Kok Thom), or Sdok Kak Thom, is an 11th-century Khmer temple in present-day Thailand, located about 34 kilometres (21 mi) northeast of the Thai border town of Aranyaprathet. The temple was dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva. Constructed by a prominent priestly family, Sdok Kok Thom is best known as the original site of one of the most illuminating inscriptions left behind by the Khmer Empire, which ruled much of Southeast Asia from the end of the 9th century to the 15th century.

Built of red sandstone and laterite, the temple is a prime example of a provincial seat of worship during the empire's golden age. It is small by the standards of the major monuments in Angkor, the empire's capital, but shares their basic design and religious symbolism. In its 11th Century heyday during the reign of King Udayādityavarman II, the temple was tended by its Brahmin patrons and supported with food and labor by the people of surrounding rice-farming villages.

Scholars disagree as to the meaning of the name, which refers in old Khmer to the temple's setting. Translations include Great Reed Lake, Large Reservoir with Herons, and Abundant Reeds in a Large Swamp.

The architectural design of this temple is linked with the great khmer empire which ruled for about 700 years. At the center of the temple is a sandstone tower, which served as the main sanctuary, probably sheltering a linga, symbol of Shiva. The tower's door is on the east, approached by steps; the other three sides have false doors. A few meters to the northeast and southeast are two sandstone structures known as libraries, with large side windows and laterite bases. Enclosing the tower and libraries is a rectangular courtyard measuring roughly 42 by 36 meters and having galleries on all four sides. On the court's eastern side is a gopura, or gate, reflecting the temple's orientation to the east.