Santi Vito, Modesto e Crescenzio

Santi Vito, Modesto e Crescenzia (Saints Vito, Modesto and Crescenzia) is the name of a Catholic church in Rome, officially named Santi Vito e Modesto. It is located in the Rione Esquilino, adjacent to the Servian Wall. It is near the Oratory of Santa Maria Immacolata della Concezione. Its facade is on Via Carlo Alberto, with the entrance on the Via San Vito.

The church was first recorded in the Liber Pontificalis for the reign of Pope Leo III (795–816). The original name was San Vito in Macello Martyrum or "in the marketplace of the martyrs". A macellum was an ancient Roman indoor market, and the ancient Macellum Liviae may have been the one referred to. It is adjacent to the ancient Servian Wall, and the Arch of Gallienus, which was a major passageway within the city.

The original dedication was to St. Vitus, a 4th-century martyr in Sicily. He became very popular during the Middle Ages as the patron saint of those suffering from epilepsy, and was venerated as one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers. In England and other countries his name was mutated into "Guy" (as in Guy Fawkes), which in Italian became Guido.

The church was described as a diaconia, a center for the Church's charitable activities and received donations from Pope Leo. This implies that it was founded when there was still a local residential population to be served from the time of its founding, likely in the 6th century, as the Esquiline began to lose its population about that time. Possibly in line with its ancient orientation, it became a titular church for a Cardinal Deacon in 1088. The first cardinal to receive this title was Leo of Ostia, a Benedictine monk.

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