Sanjaya dynasty

Sañjaya was an ancient Javanese dynasty that ruled the Mataram kingdom in Java during first millennium CE. The dynasty was an active promoter of Hinduism in ancient Java.

According to Canggal inscription, this dynasty appears to have been founded in 732 by Sañjaya. The Canggal inscription was discovered in Canggal village, Southwest from the town of Magelang. This inscription was written in south Indian Pallava letters and in Sanskrit, and tells about the erection of a linga (symbol of Shiva) on the hill in Kunjarakunja area. This area is located at a noble island called Yawadwipa (Java) which is blessed with abundance of rice and gold. This inscription tells that Yawadwipa was reigned by King Sanna, whose long period of reign was marked with wisdom and virtue. After king Sanna died, the kingdom fell into disunity. Confusion was widespread due to a lost of ruler and patron. Amidst this, Sanjaya ascended to the throne. He was the son of Sannaha (sister of Sanna). Sanjaya was a king who mastered holy scriptures, martial arts, and also military prowess. He conquered neighboring areas around his kingdom and his wise reign blessed his land with peace and prosperity for all his subjects.

King Sanna and Sanjaya was also known in Carita Parahyangan, a book from later period which mainly tells the history of Pasundan (Sunda Kingdom). This book mentioned that Sanna was defeated by Purbasora, king of Galuh, then he retreated to mount Merapi. Later Sanna's successor, Sanjaya, reclaimed Sanna's kingdom and ruled West Java, Central Java, East Java, and Bali. He was also involved in battle with Malayu and Keling (against their king Sang Srivijaya). The main theme of Carita Parahyangan corresponds to Canggal inscription. This story suggested West Java's origin and links of the dynasty.

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