Salmon Gums, Western Australia

Salmon Gums
Western Australia

Salmon Gums railway siding in 1928

Salmon Gums

Coordinates

32°58′48″S 121°38′42″E / 32.98°S 121.645°ECoordinates: 32°58′48″S 121°38′42″E / 32.98°S 121.645°E

Population

789 (2006 census)

Established

1925

Postcode(s)

6445

Elevation

249 m (817 ft)

Location

780 km (485 mi) ESE of Perth
103 km (64 mi) N of Esperance
95 km (59 mi) S of Norseman

Mean max temp	Mean min temp	Annual rainfall
23.3 °C ^{74 °F}	9.0 °C ^{48 °F}	349.4 mm ^{13.8 in}

Salmon Gums is a small town in Western Australia located 106 km north of Esperance on the Coolgardie-Esperance Highway. The name is derived from a prominent stretch of Eucalyptus salmonophloia (Salmon Gum) trees which formed a landmark in the town's early days. The town is part of the Shire of Esperance. At the 2006 census, Salmon Gums had a population of 789.

The surrounding areas produce wheat and other cereal crops. The town is a receival site for Cooperative Bulk Handling.

The first potential use of a townsite was as a watering spot for the proposed Esperance to Norseman Railway, since Salmon Gums is roughly halfway between these two towns. Land for a town-site was set aside in 1912 and the name was recommended in 1916. The town was gazetted in 1925, when the Esperance to Salmon Gums section of the railway was completed.

Settlement of the area received a boost after the First World War when returning soldiers were given grants of land in this and many other areas around the state. These grantees became known as soldier settlers. At the time Salmon Gums was regarded as being on the fringe of arable land. The low soil fertility and marginal average rainfall of 341mm meant that yields were poor prior to the 1950s. As a result, the land was not in high demand, so the opportunity cost to the government was quite small.

Agricultural research was boosted prior to the Second World War by the establishment of the Salmon Gums Research Station. In 1949 a similar station, the Esperance Downs Research Station was established near Esperance. Research at the latter quickly led to the discovery that soil in the Esperance region was deficient in trace elements, reportedly phosphorus, copper and zinc, and the addition of these greatly improved fertility and crop yields. Since then the region, including Salmon Gums, has become a successful producer of wheat, sheep and cattle.

...
Wikipedia