Pope Saint Pius X |
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Bishop of Rome | |
Papacy began | 4 August 1903 |
Papacy ended | 20 August 1914 |
Predecessor | Leo XIII |
Successor | Benedict XV |
Orders | |
Ordination | 18 September 1858 by Giovanni Antonio Farina |
Consecration | 16 November 1884 by Lucido Maria Parocchi |
Created Cardinal | 12 June 1893 by Leo XIII |
Personal details | |
Birth name | Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto |
Born |
Riese, Treviso, Lombardy-Venetia, Austrian Empire |
2 June 1835
Died | 20 August 1914 Apostolic Palace, Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
(aged 79)
Previous post |
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Motto | Instaurare Omnia in Christo (restore all things in Christ) |
Signature | |
Coat of arms | |
Sainthood | |
Feast day | 21 August 3 September (General Roman Calendar 1955–1969) |
Beatified | 3 June 1951 Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City by Pius XII |
Canonized | 29 May 1954 Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City by Pius XII |
Patronage |
Society of Saint Pius X Archdiocese of Atlanta, Georgia; Diocese of Des Moines, Iowa; first communicants; Diocese of Great Falls-Billings, Montana; Archdiocese of Kottayam, India; Esperantists;pilgrims; Santa Luċija, Malta; Diocese of Springfield-Cape Girardeau, Missouri; Archdiocese of Zamboanga, Philippines; emigrants from Treviso; Patriarchy of Venice; Catechists |
Ordination history of Pope Pius X | |
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Diaconal ordination
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Date of ordination | 27 February 1858 |
Priestly ordination
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Ordained by | Giovanni Antonio Farina |
Date of ordination | 18 September 1858 |
Episcopal consecration
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Principal consecrator | Lucido Maria Parocchi |
Co-consecrators |
Pietro Rota Giovanni Maria Berengo |
Date of consecration | 16 November 1884 |
Cardinalate
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Elevated by | Leo XIII |
Date of elevation | 13 June 1893 |
Bishops consecrated by Pope Pius X as principal consecrator
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Francesco Cherubin | 20 August 1899 |
Giacomo Maria Radini-Tedeschi | 29 January 1905 |
Pierre Dadolle | 25 February 1906 |
Marie-Joseph Ollivier | 25 February 1906 |
Benedict XV | 22 December 1907 |
Adam Stefan Sapieha | 17 December 1911 |
Pie Armand Pierre Sabadel | 17 December 1911 |
Papal styles of Pope Pius X |
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Reference style | His Holiness |
Spoken style | Your Holiness |
Religious style | Holy Father |
Posthumous style | Saint |
Pope Saint Pius X | |
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Pope, Confessor | |
Born |
Riese, Treviso, Italy |
2 June 1835
Died | 20 August 1914 Apostolic Palace, Rome, Kingdom of Italy |
(aged 79)
Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
Beatified | 3 June 1951, Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City by Pope Pius XII |
Canonized | 29 May 1954, Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City by Pope Pius XII |
Feast | 21 August 3 September (General Roman Calendar 1955–1969) |
Patronage | Archdiocese of Atlanta, Georgia; diocese of Des Moines, Iowa; first communicants; Diocese of Great Falls-Billings, Montana; archdiocese of Kottayam, India; pilgrims; Santa Luċija, Malta; Diocese of Springfield-Cape Girardeau, Missouri; Archdiocese of Zamboanga, Philippines; emigrants from Treviso; Patriarchy of Venice |
Pope Saint Pius X (Italian: Pio X), born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, (2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was Pope from August 1903 to his death in 1914. He was canonized in 1954. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing modernist interpretations of Catholic doctrine, promoting traditional devotional practices and orthodox theology. His most important reform was to order the codification of the first Code of Canon Law, which collected the laws of the Church into one volume for the first time. He was also considered a pastoral pope, in the sense of encouraging personal holiness, piety and a daily lifestyle reflecting deep Christian values. He was born in the town of Riese, which would later append "Pio X" (Pius X's name in Italian) to the town's name.
Pius X was particularly devoted to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the specific title of Our Lady of Confidence; his papal encyclical Ad diem illum expresses his desire through Mary to renew all things in Christ, which he had defined as his motto in his first encyclical. Pius X believed that there was no surer or more direct road than by the Virgin Mary to achieve this goal. Pius X was the only pope in the 20th century with extensive pastoral experience and implementation at the parish level, which led him to favor the use of the vernacular language in teaching catechesis, while the encouragement for frequent reception of holy communion became a lasting innovation of his papacy. His immediate predecessor, Pope Leo XIII, had actively promoted a synthesis between the Catholic Church and secular culture; faith and science; and divine revelation and reason. Pius X defended the Catholic faith against popular 19th-century attitudes and views such as indifferentism and relativism which his predecessors had warned against as well. He followed the example of Leo XIII by promoting Thomas Aquinas and Thomism as the principal philosophical method to be taught in Catholic institutions. Pius X vehemently opposed modernism, which claimed that Roman Catholic dogma should be modernized and blended with nineteenth-century philosophies. He viewed modernism as an import of secular errors affecting three areas of Roman Catholic belief: theology, philosophy, and dogma.