Saguamanchica

Saguamanchica
zipa
Saguamanchica, ruler of Bacatá
Reign	1470–1490
Predecessor	Meicuchuca
Successor	Nemequene
Born	unknown Muisca Confederation
Died	1490 Chocontá, Muisca Confederation
Issue	Usminia
Dynasty	Bacatá

Saguamanchica (died Chocontá, 1490) was the second ruler (zipa) of Bacatá, currently known as the Colombian capital Bogotá, as of 1470. His zaque enemy ruling over the northern area of the Muisca territory was Michuá.

Alternative spellings of his name are Sacuan Machica, Saguanmachica and Saguanmanchica.

As former cacique of Chía, Saguamanchica accessed the throne of the southern Muisca around 1470. His predecessor, the first zipa of Bacatá Meicuchuca, left him a rich kingdom with many guecha warriors. This led Saguamanchica to seek expansion of his zipazgo.

The first campaign of warfare he planned was to submit the eternal enemies of the Muisca, the Panche and the Sutagao to the west of the Muisca territories. The Carib-speaking peoples formed an alliance against their common and far outnumbered enemy. Saguamanchica together with his vassal Pasca defeated his enemies led by general Uzatama with ease and annexed Fusagasugá and Tibacuy.

The expansion policies of the southern Muisca upset the cacique of Guatavita and he sought help with the zaque in Hunza, Michuá. The northern ruler sent a messenger to the court of Saguamanchica in Bacatá but he was mistreated there. Saguamanchica and Michuá confronted each other with armies of 40,000 respectively 30,000 warriors but there was no battle fought and a truce settled. In the meantime however the cacique of Ubaque, ally of the northern Muisca, had conquered Usme and Pasca on Saguamanchica's rule. The zipa sent his army to the taken areas and defeated the cacique, banishing him. Saguamanchica also submitted the towns of Zipaquirá, Ubaté, Simijaca and Susa.