Saccharomyces boulardii
| Saccharomyces boulardii | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Phylum: | Ascomycota |
| Subphylum: | Saccharomycotina |
| Class: | Saccharomycetes |
| Order: | Saccharomycetales |
| Family: | Saccharomycetaceae |
| Genus: | Saccharomyces |
| Species: | S. boulardii |
| Binomial name | |
|
Saccharomyces boulardii Henri Boulard |
|
Saccharomyces boulardii is a tropical species of yeast first isolated from lychee and mangosteen fruit in 1923 by French scientist Henri Boulard. S. boulardii (synonym: S. cervisiae var boulardii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen CBS 5926) is a yeast that could be assigned to the subtype of S. cerevisiae species. It is related to, but distinct from, Saccharomyces cerevisiae in several taxonomic, metabolic, and genetic properties.S. boulardii is sometimes used as a probiotic with the purpose of introducing beneficial active cultures into the large and small intestine, as well as conferring protection against pathogenic microorganisms in the host. However, in immunocompromised individuals, S. boulardii has been associated with fungemia or localized infection, which may be fatal. Overall, S. boulardii is safe for use in otherwise healthy populations and fungemia with S. boulardii has not been reported, to the best of the recent evidences in immunocompetent patients. In HIV-1-infected patients the therapy with Sb resulted to be safe. Boulard first isolated this yeast after he observed natives of Southeast Asia chewing on the skin of lychee and mangosteen in an attempt to control the symptoms of cholera. In healthy patients, S. boulardii has been shown to be nonpathogenic and nonsystemic (it remains in the gastrointestinal tract rather than spreading elsewhere in the body). It grows at 37 °C (98.6 °F). In addition, the popular genome editing tool CRISPR-Cas9 was proven to be effective in S. boulardii.
Numerous randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies show the efficacy of S. boulardii in the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal disorders.
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