Rishabhanatha | |
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First Tirthankara | |
Image of Rishabhanatha at Kundalpur pilgrimage site in Madhya Pradesh, India
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Other names | Adinatha, Adish Jina (first conqueror), Adi Purush (first Perfect Man), Ikshvaku |
Symbol | Bull |
Height | 500 bows (1500 metres) |
Age | 84 lakh purva (592.704 x 1018 years) |
Tree | Banyan |
Color | Golden |
Spouse | Sunanda and Sumangala |
Parents | |
Children |
Bharata Bahubali Sundari Brahmi |
Succeeded by | Ajitanatha |
Born | Ayodhya |
Moksha | Mount Kailash |
Rishabhanatha also Ṛṣabhadeva, Rishabhadeva, or Ṛṣabha is the first Tirthankara (Teaching God) of the present half cycle of time in Jainism. The word Tīrthankara signifies the founder of a tirtha which means a fordable passage across a sea. The Tirthankara shows the 'fordable path' across the sea of interminable births and deaths (saṃsāra). Rishabhanatha is also known as Ādinātha which translates into "First (Adi) Lord (nātha)". He was born to King Nabhi and Queen Marudevi in Ayodhya. He is associated with his Bull emblem, the Nyagrodha tree, Gomukha (bull-faced) Yaksha, and Chakreshvari Yakshi. He had two wives, Sunanda and Sumangala. Sumangala was the mother of ninety-nine sons (including Bharata) and one daughter, Brahmi. Sunanda was the mother of Bahubali and Sundari. The sudden fatal death of Nilanjana, one of the dancers of Indra, reminded him of the world's transitory nature and he developed a desire for renunciation. After being initiated as a Digambara monk, he is said to have wandered without food for a whole year. The day on which he got his first ahara (food), is celebrated as Akshaya Tritiya by Jains. He is said to have attained Moksha from Mount Kailash. Adi Purana contains the information over legends related to Rishabhanatha. His colossal statues include Statue of Ahimsa, Bawangaja and those erected in Gopachal hill.