Rotational angiography

Rotational angiography is a medical imaging technique based on x-ray, that allows to acquire CT-like 3D volumes during hybrid surgery or during a catheter intervention using a fixed C-Arm. The fixed C-Arm thereby rotates around the patient and acquires a series of x-ray images that are then reconstructed through software algorithms into a 3D image. Synonyms for rotational angiography include flat-panel volume CT and cone-beam CT. Commercial names include Innova CT HD (GE Healthcare), DynaCT (Siemens AG), INFX-8000C + CT (Toshiba Medical Systems), XPerCT (Philips) and Safire 3D-C (Shimadzu).

In order to acquire a 3D image with a fixed C-Arm, the C-Arm is positioned at the body part in question so that this body part is in the isocenter between the x-ray tube and the detector. The C-Arm then rotates around that isocenter, the rotation being between 200° and 360° (depending on the equipment manufacturer). Such a rotation takes between 5 and 20 seconds, during which a few hundred 2D images are acquired. A piece of software then performs a cone beam reconstruction. The resulting voxel data can then be viewed as a multiplanar reconstruction, i.e. by scrolling through the slices from three projection angles, or as a 3D volume, which can be rotated and zoomed.

3D angiography or Rotational Angiography is used in interventional radiology, interventional cardiology and minimally-invasive surgery. (for examples see: Hybrid cardiac surgical procedure)

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