Rose Hill Plantation State Historic Site
| Rose Hill Plantation State Historic Site | |
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Rose Hill
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| Nearest city | Whitmire, South Carolina |
| Coordinates | 34°36′19″N 81°39′57″W / 34.605325°N 81.665739°WCoordinates: 34°36′19″N 81°39′57″W / 34.605325°N 81.665739°W |
| Area | 44 acres (0.18 km2) |
| Created | 1960 |
| Website |
http://www.southcarolinaparks.com/park-finder/state-park/540.aspx |
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Rose Hill
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| Area | 44 acres (18 ha) |
| Built | 1832 |
| Architect | William H. Gist |
| NRHP Reference # | 70000605 |
| Added to NRHP | June 5, 1970 |
http://www.southcarolinaparks.com/park-finder/state-park/540.aspx
Rose Hill Plantation State Historic Site is a historic site in Union County, South Carolina, that preserves the home of William H. Gist (1807-1874), the 68th governor of South Carolina. Gist helped instigate a Secession Convention in South Carolina, which led to the creation of the Ordinance of Secession that preceded the Civil War.
William Gist was the natural son of Francis Fincher Gist (c. 1773-1819), a Charleston merchant and South Carolina state representative, who by 1811 had purchased land in Upstate South Carolina. Either Francis Fincher or William Henry built a Georgian-style brick house (c. 1811-1830), eventually called Rose Hill after the many varieties of roses planted in its formal gardens.
In the late 1850s and early 1860s, William Gist remodeled the house, adding two-tiered back and front porches and stuccoing the brick in order to transform the exterior into the more fashionable Greek revival-style. The final house had three stories, the first two used as living quarters and the third a mixture of living and storage areas. According to the South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Rose Hill featured "more refined ornamentation than usually found in upcountry houses of the period." A spiral staircase led to the second floor, which included a ballroom with two fireplaces so that the space could be converted into two bed chambers to accommodate guests.
During Gist's term of office (1858-1860), the house served as the governor's mansion. From Rose Hill, Gist wrote the governors of Louisiana, North Carolina, Mississippi, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida, suggesting that if Abraham Lincoln were elected President, South Carolina might take the lead in seceding from the Union.
Rose Hill was a working plantation of between 7,000–8,000 acres (28–32 km2) that grew cotton, corn, and oats with slave labor. (There were approximately 20 slaves in 1820, 82 in 1840, and 178 in 1860). After slavery was abolished at the end of the Civil War, the plantation was farmed by tenant farmers and sharecroppers.
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