Ronald Ross
| Sir Ronald Ross | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
13 May 1857 Almora, North-Western Provinces, British India |
| Died | 16 September 1932 (aged 75) London, England, United Kingdom |
| Resting place |
Putney Vale Cemetery 51°26′18″N 0°14′23″W / 51.438408°N 0.239821°W |
| Nationality | British |
| Fields | Medicine |
| Institutions |
Presidency General Hospital, Calcutta Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine King's College Hospital British War Office Ministry of Pensions and National Insurance Ross Institute and Hospital for Tropical Diseases |
| Alma mater |
St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College Society of Apothecaries |
| Known for | Discovering that the malaria parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes |
| Notable awards |
|
| Author abbrev. (zoology) | Ross |
| Spouse | Rosa Bessie Bloxam (m. 1889) |
| Children | 2 sons, 2 daughters |
Sir Ronald Ross KCB KCMG FRS FRCS (13 May 1857 – 16 September 1932), was a British medical doctor who received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1902 for his work on the transmission of malaria, becoming the first British Nobel laureate, and the first born outside of Europe. His discovery of the malarial parasite in the gastrointestinal tract of a mosquito proved that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes, and laid the foundation for the method of combating the disease. He was a polymath, writing a number of poems, published several novels, and composed songs. He was also an amateur artist and natural mathematician. He worked in the Indian Medical Service for 25 years. It was during his service that he made the groundbreaking medical discovery. After resigning from his service in India, he joined the faculty of Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, and continued as Professor and Chair of Tropical Medicine of the institute for 10 years. In 1926 he became Director-in-Chief of the Ross Institute and Hospital for Tropical Diseases, which was established in honour of his works. He remained there until his death.
Ronald Ross was born in Almora, India, the eldest of ten children of Sir Campbell Claye Grant Ross, General in the British Indian Army, and Matilda Charlotte Elderton. At age eight he was sent to England to live with his aunt and uncle on the Isle of Wight. He attended Primary schools at Ryde, and for secondary education he was sent to a boarding school at Springhill, near Southampton, in 1869. From his early childhood he developed passion for poetry, music, literature and mathematics. At fourteen years of age he won a prize for mathematics, a book titled Orbs of Heaven which sparked his interest in mathematics. In 1873, at sixteen, he secured first position in the Oxford and Cambridge local examination in drawing. Although he wanted to become a writer, his father arranged enrollment at St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College in London, in 1874. Not fully committed, he spent most of his time composing music, and writing poems and plays. He left in 1880. In 1879 he had passed the examinations for the Royal College of Surgeons of England, and he worked as a ship's surgeon on a transatlantic steamship while studying for the licenciate of the Society of Apothecaries. He qualified on second attempt in 1881, and after a four-month training at Army Medical School, he entered Indian Medical Service in 1881. Between June 1888 and May 1889 he took study leave to obtain the Diploma in Public Health from the Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of Surgeons, and took a course in bacteriology under Professor E. E. Klein.
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