Roland Martin (15 April 1912, Chaux-la-Lotière, Franche-Comté – 14 January 1997, Fixin, Burgundy) was a French archaeologist.
From 1934 to 1938 Martin studied at the Sorbonne and the École normale supérieure. From 1938 until 1946, he was a member of the French School at Athens. From 1936 to 1971, he taught at the University of Dijon, since 1956 as a professor. From 1965 to 1980 he was Directeur d'études at the École pratique des hautes études and from 1971 to 1980 professor of Greek Archaeology at the University Paris I.
A member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, from 1958 until 1980 a member of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique, of which he was honored with the CNRS Gold medal in 1981.
Roland Martin's research focus were architecture and urbanism of ancient Greece. For this purpose, but generally also in search of ancient Greek art, he wrote several general surveys. He carried out excavations on the island of Thasos.