Robert Townley Parker (1793–1879) was a Unionist Member of Parliament for the United Kingdom House of Commons constituency of Preston.
He was the son of Thomas Townley Parker, Esq., of Cuerden Hall, near Preston, Lancashire, and inherited the Hall on his father's death.
He presented a petition related to the Maynooth Grant affair to prevent Roman Catholic Members of Parliament from Voting on Church matters, complaining about duties on English goods in France and Belgium.
Townley Parker was elected Guild Mayor of Preston in 1761-2.