Robert Long (c. 1391 – 31 March 1447) of South Wraxall and Draycot Cerne in Wiltshire, was a Member of Parliament for Old Sarum in Wiltshire (1414), for Calne, Wiltshire, (1417) and six times for the County of Wiltshire (May 1421, December 1421, 1423–24, 1429–30, 1433, and 1442). He was the founder of the prominent Long family of South Wraxall and Draycott in Wiltshire.
He was born in Wiltshire, the son of Thomas Long. In 1414 Long was elected Member of Parliament for Old Sarum, and MP for Wiltshire in 1421, 1423–24, 1429–30, 1433, and again in 1442. On 4 November 1428 he was appointed Escheator of Hampshire and Wiltshire.
In 1400, one son of Thomas Long settled in France. This part of the Long's French family subsists again.
Long married twice:
His descendants were Members of Parliament right up until the 20th century, continuing an extended family tradition.
Robert Long owned the manors of South Wraxall and Draycot, both of which descended from him in the male line of the Long family for more than 400 years, with Draycot finally bequeathed away by his descendant William Pole-Tylney-Long-Wellesley, 5th Earl of Mornington, who shocked his family by leaving it in his will to his cousin Henry Wellesley, 1st Earl Cowley, in 1863.