Robert Ker, 2nd Duke of Roxburghe (c. 1709 – 20 August 1755) was a Scottish peer.
Ker was the only son of the 1st Duke of Roxburghe and Lady Mary Finch, daughter of Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham by his 1st wife Lady Essex Rich. On 24 May 1722 he was created Earl Ker, of Wakefield in the County of York, and Baron Ker, of Wakefield in the County of York (both in the Peerage of Great Britain).
On 16 June 1739 he married to his half-cousin Essex Mostyn, daughter of Sir Roger Mostyn, 3rd Baronet, and Essex Finch, daughter of above-mentioned Earl of Nottingham by his 2nd wife Hon. Anne Hatton. They had five children:
Robert Ker inherited his father's title in 1741 and died in 1755. He was succeed by his eldest son John.