Robert Gooch, M.D. (January 1784 – 16 February 1830) was an English physician.
Born at Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, in June 1784, he was son of Robert Gooch, a sea captain who was a grandson of Sir Thomas Gooch. He was educated at a private day school, and when fifteen was apprenticed to Giles Borrett, surgeon-apothecary at Yarmouth. When Horatio Nelson came to visit the wounded of the battle of Copenhagen, Gooch went round the Yarmouth Hospital with him.
In 1804 he went to the University of Edinburgh, where among his friends were Henry Southey and William Knighton. In his vacations he studied German at Norwich with William Taylor, and became engaged to Emily Bolingbroke. He graduated M.D. June 1807, his inaugural dissertation being on rickets. After a tour in the Scottish Highlands, and some further holiday in Norfolk, he came to London, worked under Astley Cooper, and in 1808 began general practice at Croydon, Surrey. He then married the lady to whom he had been engaged for four years. She died in January 1811, and her child in July of the same year.
He left Croydon, took a house in Aldermanbury, and after a tour during which he came to know Robert Southey at Keswick, he was admitted a licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians on 6 March 1812. Shortly he was elected lecturer on midwifery at St. Bartholomew's Hospital. In January 1814 he married the sister of Benjamin Travers the surgeon, and in 1816 went to live in Berners Street, where his practice in midwifery and the diseases of women soon became large.