Robert Baker Girdlestone (1836–1923) was an Anglican cleric who ministered at St John's Downshire Hill, Hampstead. He studied at Charterhouse, London, and Christ Church, Oxford, and was first principal of Wycliffe Hall, Oxford. A Hebrew scholar and head of the translation department of the British and Foreign Bible Society, he is best known for his reference work Synonyms of the Old Testament.
Robert Baker Girdlestone was the seventh son of Charles Girdlestone, a Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford. R. B. Girdlestone was minister of St. John's Downshire Hill, Hampstead, then head of the translation department of the British and Foreign Bible Society, and first principal of Wycliffe Hall, Oxford, in the post from 1877 to 1889.
His third son Gathorne Robert Girdlestone (1881–1950) was the first Nuffield Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, and thereby the first professor of orthopaedics in Britain.